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CAL TARGUM TEXTS
Text base and variants

• Targum Onqelos:
  The main text is that prepared by M. Cohen for his new multi-volume publication Mikraot Gedolot HaKeter (Bar Ilan University Press, 1992-), based on the best available mss. for each text. Variants marked #2# have been chosen for their lexicographical value from the text published by A. Sperber in his The Aramaic Bible (Brill, 1959-73), while those marked #3# are selections from the texts cited  in Sperber's apparatus. In the case of lengthy variants (in Onqelos only at Lev. 26:44), the variant number appears as the last number in the coordinate, otherwise the "1" at the end of the coordinate indicates it is the main text. Thus "326441" means:     Book 3  (Leviticus), chapter 26, verse 44, main text.

• Targums to the Prophets:
  The main text (text 1) is that of the Mikraot Gedolot HaKeter edition (which may correspond to different mss. for each book; see that volume for details).  As with Onqelos, variants from Sperber's main text and apparatus are marked #2# and #3# respectively. Additional verse-length toseftot appearing in Sperber are cited after the main text as variants 4-6.  The toseftot texts cited separately as "targ toseftot" are taken from Rimon Kasher, Targumic Toseftot to the Prophets, (Sources for the Study of Jewish Culture Volume II, Jerusalem: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1996).  For details on the complicated coordinate system of that text, click here or on the coordinate itself in the display. 
  In the single case of Targum Jonathan to Zephaniah, however, the main text is rather that re-edited by Josep Ribera Florit in "La version aramaica del Profeta Sofonias," EstBib 40 (1982):127-158 with variants (marked as #2#) from his apparatus.

• Targum Pseudo-Jonathan:
  Our electronic text is based on that prepared by E. Clarke et al. for the publication of their Targum Pseudo-Jonathan to the Pentateuch: Text and Concordance (Ktav, 1984) based on an independent reading of the London ms. Additional lexical variants have been selected from the editio princeps  (Venice, 1591) as published by A. Diez Macho and his team in the Madrid Polyglot. These are marked #V# (Venice) and #M# (Marginalia).

• Palestinian Pentateuchal Targumim:
  These electronic texts were initially prepared under the direction of Michael Sokoloff during the preparation of his A Dictionary of Jewish Palestinian Aramaic of the Byzantine Period (Bar Ilan, 1990). Targum Neofiti was completely collated against the microfilm of the manuscript, and re-read again for marginalia by M. Abegg and S. Kaufman. (For Neofiti, lengthy marginal readings are given separately.  Isolated lexical interlinear and marginal variants are marked inline by #1# and #2# respectively.) The Fragment Targum and Genizah manuscript fragments are based on the works of Michael Klein in his The Fragment-Targums of the Pentateuch, Analecta Biblica 76, (Biblical Institute Press, Rome 1980) and Geniza Manuscripts of the Palestinian Targum to the Pentateuch, (HUC, Cincinnati 1986), respectively.

 

• Targum Psalms
  As per Lagarde, Hagiographia Chaldaice with variants from Luis Díez Merino, Targum de Salmos. Tradición sefardí de Alfonso Zamora. Edición Príncipe del Ms. Villa-Amil no. 5, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto 'Francisco Suárez', 1982.

 

• Targum Job
  As per D. M. Stec, The Text of the Targum of Job: An Introduction and Critical Edition, Brill, 1994, with variants as given there.
  The Qumran Job Targum is cited as per the edition of Michael Sokoloff, The Targum to Job from Qumran Cave XI, Bar-Ilan University Press, 1974. The first 4 digits of the coordinate represent column and line number, thus 38074211 and 38084211 indicate chapter 42 verse 11, column 38, lines 7 and 8 respectively.

 

• Targum Ruth
  As per a critical text under preparation by Prof. Derek Beattie.

 

• Targum Qoheleth
  As per ms. Paris 110 as originally entered by E. Clarke, with corrections based on collation using the microfilm by J. Lund.

 

• Targumim to Esther
  TgEsth1: An eclectic consonantal text based primarily on MS Salamanca 2 = S as per B. Grossfeld, The First Targum to Esther According to the MS Paris Hebrew 110 of the Bibliotheque Nationale, New York, 1983. The addition to 3:2 by "The Jerusalem Targum" and "The Deed of Sale of Haman" is omitted here and listed rather under TgEsth2Sup. Variants are #2# = reading of main text in Grossfeld, #3# = reading from apparatus in Grossfeld.

  TgEsth2: As per B. Grossfeld, The Targum Sheni to the Book of Esther: A critical edition based on MS. Sassoon 282 with critical apparatus, New York, 1994.

  TgEsth3: Cf. Bernard Grossfeld, The Aramaic Bible, Volume 18: The Two Targums of Esther (Collegeville, Minnesota: Michael Glazier, 1991), p. ix: "there is no Targum Shelishi per se." The problem of Targum Shelishi arises from the text of the Esther Targum found in the Antwerp Polyglot = the Biblia Regia of 1569-72 edited by Arias Montanus. According to M. H. Goshen-Gottstein, this text was a summary recension of the Targum Rishon type after the fashion of sixteenth century humanistic editing. P. Grelot considered this text a bona fide Aramaic targum. Cf. Biblica 56 (1975) 53-73 and 301-329; and R. Le Déaut and B. Grossfeld, "The Origin and Nature of the Esther Targum in the Antwerp Polyglot: Exit Targum Esther III?", Textus 16, 1991, pp. 95ff.

  TgEsth2sup (Targum Sheni Larger Supplements): Also as per B. Grossfeld, The Targum Sheni to the Book of Esther, esp. pp. 75-84. The first two numbers of the coordinate are subtexts 01-25 corresponding to Grossfeld's paragraphs a-y. The 3rd digit indicates the source of the text by manuscript:

  1 : MS. Paris 110
  2 : KK = David Das Targum Sheni (Krakow 1898)
  3 : Targum Rishon of MS. Paris 110
  4 : Lagarde, Hag. Chaldaice (Leipzig 1873)
  5 : MS. Parma 3235 (=PM-2)
  6 : MS. Nurnberg
  7 : MS. Parma 3231 (=PM-1)
  8 : MS. Hamburg-Levy 13(5)
  

 

• Targum Chronicles
  The text of Codex Urbaniti as collated by R. Le Déaut for his Targum des Chroniques (Cod. Vat. Urb. Ebr. 1), Rome, 1971.