←
ˀrˁ, ˀrˁˀ (ˀăraˁ, ˀarˁā) n.f. ground; land; Earth
1
ground
Common Aramaic
TAD B2.1 R.5↗ ^אגרא זך תדבק לשטר ביתי מן ארעא ועד עלא‏ : that wall adjoins the side of my house from the ground all the way up ; TAD B3.4 R.5↗ ביתה זי אפולי בר מסדי זי ביב ברתא זי אגרוה קימן ותרבצה ארע הי ולא בניה‏ : PN's house in Fortress Yeb whose walls are standing and its courtyard is ground and unbuilt ; Dan 4:12↗ בְּרַם עִקַּר שָׁרְשׁוֹהִי בְּאַרְעָא שְׁבֻקוּ‏ : but leave the core of its roots in the ground ; Geop 3:15↗ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܙܪ̈ܥܐ ܒܐܝܠܝܢ ܐܪ̈ܥܬܐ ܢܙܪܘܥ‏ : which seed(-type)s we should sow in which ground(-type)s ; BT Ned 55b(13)↗ מירב׳ רבו מארע׳ מינק מאויר׳ ינקי ולא מארע׳‏ : (mushrooms) do indeed grow out of the ground, (but) they actually draw their nourishment from the air and not from the ground
(1)
land (i.e., not water)
Syr
P Mt14:24↗ ܘܸܐܠܦܵܐ ܪܲܚܝ݂ܩܵܐ ܗܼܘܵܬ ܡܸܢ ܐܲܪܥܵܐ‏ : and the boat was far from land
2
land, country
Common Aramaic
Sf.1.b27↗ wyšlḥ ydh wyqḥ mn ˀrqy ˀw mn mqny : should he try to take any of my land or my property ; BukânStele 3↗ k]l | mh | mwtnˀ | [k] zy | hwh | bkl | ˀrqˀ | yšmwh | ˀlhn : may the gods put every kind of plague that ever was in any country ; BT Šab 116b(6)↗ מן יומא דגליתון מן ארעכון‏ : from the day that you went into exile from your land
3
the Earth
Common Aramaic
Dan 2:35↗ וְאַבְנָא דִּי־מְחָת לְצַלְמָא הֲוָת לְטוּר רַב וּמְלָת כָּל־אַרְעָא‏ : the rock that struck the statue became a great mountain and filled the entire Earth ; BT BB 75b(26)↗ מארעא לעיבא תלת פרסי הוי‏ : it is three parasangs from the earth to the dark cloud
(1)
in the expression "Heaven and Earth"
Common Aramaic
Fakh.2↗ hddskn gwgl | šmyn | wˀrq ̈ : Haddad of Sikanu, water supervisor of heaven and earth ; MT Jer 10:11↗ אֱלָהַיָּא דִּי־שְׁמַיָּא וְאַרְקָא‏
4
soil
Common Aramaic
BHBS.M Min 1.2.1 ܒܡܬܓܠܠܢܘܬ ܡܝ̈ܐ ܡܢܘ̈ܬܐ ܡܢ ܐܪܥܐ ܡܬܬ̈ܙܝ݂ܥܢ‏ : by the agitation of the waters particles of soil are made to move
(1)
piece of land, field
Common Aramaic
Brussels 64.2↗ ˀrˁ byt šlš ; Lag(365) John4:35↗ ܬܠ̈ܘ ܥ̈ܝܢܝܟܘܢ ܘܚ̈ܡܘ ܐܪ̈ܥܬܐ ܕܗܢܘܢ ܚܘܪ̈ܢ ܠܚܨܕܐ‏ : raise your eyes and see that the fields are "white" for harvesting ; OS.P3 2↗ ܐܪܥܐ ܠܐ ܙܪܝܥܐ ܘܒܬܐ ܘܕܪܬܐ ܘܙܕܩܝܗܘܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ‏ : the unsown field, the house, the courtyard, and all of their appurtenances ; Js 5:4↗ ܦܵܥܠܸ̈ܐ ܕ݁ܲܚܨܲܕܘ ܐܲܪ̈ܥܵܬܟܘ݂ܢ‏ : the workers who harvested your fields ; BT MQ 10b(13)↗ האי מאן דמתקין ארעא אדעתא דבידרי‏ : one who prepares a field for the sake of a threshing floor
(2)
(chem.) types of earth
Syr
(1)
ܐܓܘܦܛܝܬܐ : silver
Syr
BBah 299:25↗ text not cited
(2)
ܐܟܘܒܝܬܐ : mercury
Syr
BBah 300:16↗ text not cited
5
floor, bottom
Palmyrene, Syr
PAT20:1.10↗ qbyr bˀrˁ gwmḥˀ : he is entombed on the bottom of the niche ; BHNom 341:21↗ ܐܪܥܗ ܕܒܝܬܐ ܥܠܝܐ܃ ܐܘܟܝܬ ܬܛܠܝܠܐ ܕܒܝܬܐ ܬܚܬܝܐ‏ : the floor of the upper dwelling, i.e., the ceiling of the lower dwelling ; EphPar 2:11.5↗ ܐܪܥܗ ܠܬܝ̈ܒܐ | ܡܨܥܬܗ ܠܙܕܝ̈ܩܐ ܪܘܡܗ ܠܢܨ̈ܝܚܐ‏ : its bottom for the repentant, its middle for the just, its height for the splendid ones ; BT BB 73b(31)↗ דנפל ליה חצינא דבי נגרי שבע שנין ולא מטא ארעא‏ : the ax of the carpenters' shop descended (in the sea) for seven years and did not reach the bottom
6
residue
Syr
DuvB2 19:7 text not cited
§▶
plural with feminine morphology in JLA and Syriac; others also masculine; OA ˀrq; Mand. spelling arqa (but pronounced without q)
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🔍▶
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For a discussion of the various meanings of this word and, in particular, differences between it and various types of ground, see U. Seidel, Altorientalische Forschungen 15(1988): 146n.
For the various chemical types of earth see the extensive entry in STS p. 38.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 104[51]DJPA: 76bDJBA: 170bJastrow: 125Drower/Macuch: 39a, 35a, 437aPayne-Smith: 397J. Payne-Smith: 30Levy Ch-W: 1:69Tal Sam: 65DNWSI: 110DCPA[Schulthess]: 30[18]BarBahlul: 299:25; 300:16DJA: 33bQumran: 24

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Tue, 10 Nov 2026 18:05:55 -0500