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hdr vb. to return, go around
GDCGtDtCt
√ ḥdr vb.
Gpəˁalto return (intransitive)4 senses▶
1
to return (intransitive)
Gal, PTA, JBAmb, JBA, Man, LJLA
TgJ 1Sam17:43tos↗ כוף רישך והדר לאחורך‏ : bend down your head and turn back ; TN Gen27:41marg.↗ וחזר"והדר"‏ ; JBABowl 9.1:16↗ ותוב לא תיהדרין עליהון מין יומא דנן ולעולם‏ ; BT BB 4a(19)↗ ליזיל שתא וליעכב שתא וליהדר שתא‏ : let (the messenger) travel for a year, remain for a year, and return in a year ; PJ Gen3:19↗ עד דתיהדור לעפרא דמינ{א}<ה> איתבראת‏ : until you return to the dust from which you were created
(1)
w. ב : to renege, retract
JBA
BT BQ 116b(36)↗ אמ׳ מהדר הדר ביה לא אמ׳ לא הדר ביה‏ : (if the laborer) made a statement, he has indeed retracted. (If ) he did not make a statement, he has not retracted ; BT BM 51a(7)↗ זביני חמארא וטעיי, אמ׳ ליה, הדר בך‏ : "I sold an ass but erred!" He said to him "reverse yourself"
(1)
to repent
JBA, JBAg
BT Ber 10a(10)↗ בעי רחמי דליהדרו בתשובה‏ : pray that they repent
(2)
to complete a cycle
JBA, Man
BT Ber 59b(4)↗ כל עשרין ותמני שנין דהדר מחזורא‏ : every twenty-eight years when the (solar) cycle returns to its starting point
2
as co-verb: to do something again
JBAmb, JBA, JBAg
JBABowl 117.1:5↗ דיחדר ויחטי‏ ; BT BB 12b(17)↗ הדור שדור זוגא אחרינא‏ : they sent another pair again ; BT Nid 12b(16)↗ הדר איתקן‏ : (her menstrual period) became regular again ; Anan 84:11↗ מתחייב למהדאר מימהל‏ : he is obliged to circumcise again
(1)
to revert
JBA
BT Ber 5b(44)↗ הדר חלא והוה חמרא‏ : the vinegar turned back into wine
(2)
3sg. m. ptcp. used impersonally as an adverb: then, next, afterwards : see s.v. hdr adv.
JBA
3
to go around, surround
JBA, Man
BT Ber 56b(19)↗ חזאי תרי יוני דהדרי אפורייה‏ : I saw (in a dream) ravens which were encircling her bed ; GY 283:19↗ iama rba ḏrbita hdirlẖ ltibil kulẖ : the great ocean’s sea surrounds the whole earth ; AM 261:28↗ ˁu biahra ḏab hdirlẖ mahdurta lšamiš : if a circle encircled the sun in the month of Ab
4
to get married
Man
Dpaˁˁelto (try to?) do something again and agains5 senses▶
1
to (try to?) do something again and agains
JBA
BT San 67b(16)↗ ההיא איתתא דהוה קא מהדרא למשקל עפרא מתותי כראעיה דר׳ חנינה‏ : a certain woman who used to keep trying to take earth from under PN's feet
2
to go around searching, pursue
JBAmb, JBA
BT Šab 129a(41)↗ רבא מהדר אחמרא בר תלתא טרפי‏ : PN searches for wine of three foliages (i.e. 3 year old vines) ; BT Yom 88a(19)↗ כי פליגי להדורי‏ : when do they differ? Concerning searching (for reed grass)
(1)
to review
JBA
BT Ket 77b(34)↗ עכיב לי תלתין יומין עד דאהדר̇י̇ה לתלמו̇דאי̇‏ : delay thirty days for me to go over my talmud
3
to put something around
LJLA
TgTosPr Isaiah.66:23↗ ולאהדורי/ולהדורי/ להון יקר‏
(1)
to put around an oven (?)
JLAtg
TgJ Ez4:12 var.↗ וְהִיא עַל גַלֵי מַפְקָת אֲנָשָא תהדרינה לְעֵינֵיהוֹן‏ : she shall prepare it (read תְהָרְרִנַה she shall roast it?) upon human excrement before their eyes
4
to marry one to another
Man
5
to return something
Gal
RuR 90.110↗ אזיל והדר זבינתא למריהון‏ : go return the purchases to their owners
Cˀafˁelto return something5 senses▶
1
to return something
Gal, JBAmb, JBA, Man, LJLA
JMP 13.1.R(4)↗ ואיתרעי לאהדרותה ליה לאנתו כיומין קדמין‏ : he was willing to return her to him as wife as in previous days ; JBABowl 101.1:4↗ לוטתא דאחדר מהאניש בר אמולאזד על אונא בת גיי‏ : the curse that PN1 returned back to PN2 ; BT Ket 82b(20)↗ היכא דגרשה ו^א^הדרה‏ : in the case where he divorced her and took her back ; BT BM 23b(53)↗ לאהדורי לצורבא מרבנן בטביעות עינא‏ : to return (the object) to a ṣ.m. on the basis of (an identification from an) imprecise description ; PJ Gen26:20↗ ובכן אהדרו יתה ליצחק‏ : so then they returned it to Isaac
2
to reply
JBA
BT San 38b(44)↗ האיי מאן דידע לאהדורי למיני כרב אדית ליהדר‏ : let one like PN who knows how to reply to the sectarians reply
(1)
to repeat
JBA
BT BB 174b(25)↗ וליהדר ניהדרה‏ ; BT San 81a(30)↗ דלמא תורה קא מהדר אם כן איבעי ליה לאהדוריה כי היכי דאהדרה משה‏ : perhaps (Ezekiel) is recapitulating (the laws of the) Torah! If so, he should have recapitulated as Moses did (in Deuteronomy)
3
to put something around
JBAmb, JBA, Man, LJLA
JBABowl 4.1:6↗ ושורא רבא דנחשא אהדרית ליה‏ : I surrounded him with a great bronze wall ; BT Ber 28a(5)↗ ואהדרו ליה תמניסר דרי חיורתא‏ : eighteen rows of white hair encircled him [i.e. his head] ; MG 21:84.1.21↗ ונהדר ליה כלילא דורדא אפומי‏ : let him encircle its [i.e. the silver cup's] rim with a wreath of white rose(s) ; DSumqa 187↗ nura ḏmahdra qula lṣaura : fire (inflammation) that puts a collar around the neck ; TgTosPr Isaiah.66:23↗ ולאהדורי/ולהדורי/ להון יקר‏ : to surround them with glory
4
to carry around
JBA
BT Šab 135a(25)↗ אהדריה אתריסר מהולאי‏ : he carried him [i.e. the infant] around to twelve circumcisers
5
to reverse, turn something around
JBAmb, JBA
JBABowl 101.1:4↗ הדא לוטתא דאחדר מהאניש בר אמולאזד על אונא בת גיית‏ : this curse that PN1 turned back against PN2 ; BT Yev 86b(13)↗ אזל ר׳ עקיבא ואהדריה לפיתחיה לבי קיברי‏ : PN went and turned its entrance around toward the cemetery
(1)
w. אפין : to turn to face toward
JBA
BT Ber 6b(28)↗ לא אמרן אלא דלא מיהדר אפיה לבי כנשתא‏ : we only said that in the case that he does not face the synagogue
Gtˀeṯpəˁelto encircle, surround3 senses▶
1
to encircle, surround
JBA, Man
BT Tan 23a(46)↗ נים, איהדרא ליה משוניתא‏ : he slumbered and a mound of earth encircled him ; MandAmulet 1:108↗ hizik ˁhidrit lbitẖ ḏnukraia asartẖ bšitin asaria : then I surrounded the alien's house and bound it with 60 bonds
2
to do something again
JBA, Man
BT Nid 12b(16)↗ דאי{ }הדר איתקן‏ : for it became regular again ; ATS 2.4:2063↗ ˁhdar uqria mn riš : read it again from the beginning
(1)
to do something afterwards
JBA
BT Šab 4a(11)↗ ואלא דמיהדר ואידכר‏ : but rather he subsequently remembered
3
to be returned, restored
JBA
BT BB9b(27 var.) ואהדר תלמודיה‏ : his learning came back
Dtˀeṯpaˁˁalto go around searching, begging1 sense▶
to go around searching, begging
JBA
BT Šab 151b(41)↗ והא קא חזינן דמיעני, אהדורי אפיתחא לא מיהדר‏ : even though we see he has become poor, he is not going around begging at the doorway at all
Ctˀettafˁalto be brought back1 sense▶
to be brought back
JBA, Man
BT Mak 9b(1)↗ אשת נביא הוא דתיתהדר, דלאו נביא לא תיתהדר‏ : it is the prophet's wife that may be returned, but that of a non-prophet may not be returned? ; ATS 2.4:1790↗ klila ḏnhura ˁtahdarlẖ : the crown of light was returned to him
☛Derivatives▶
🔍Concordance▶
Complete KWIC concordance
G (pəˁal)
D (paˁˁel)
C (ˀafˁel)
Gt (ˀeṯpəˁel)
Dt (ˀeṯpaˁˁal)
Ct (ˀettafˁal)
✎Notes & Bibliography▶
The Babylonian form of ḥdr; the few examples in Palestinian texts are to be considered scribal corruptions.
MD comments that the unique Mandaic usage referring to marriage developed from going around in a wedding procession; we would think rather that it is ultimately related to the relatively common Jewish custom wherein the bride circles the groom seven times in the ceremony.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: DJPA: 159aDJBA: 363aJastrow: 334Drower/Macuch: 131bLevy Ch-W: 1:194Audo: 1:225Qumran: 61
© The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon ©
Sun, 15 Nov 2026 02:30:20 -0500