←
lqdm (l_qŭḏām) prep. in front of; towards the front of
1
in front of, before
(1)
in space (often with verbs of motion)
Qumran, JLAtg, JPAEpig, Gal, PTA, Sam, Man, LJLA
4QpapTob ar2..11=02:2↗ ו̇א̇קרבו פ̇ת̇[ו]רא לקודמי‏ : they brought the table before me ; TgO Gen6:13↗ קִיצָא דְכָל בִסרָא עָל לִקדָמַי‏ : the end of all flesh has come before Me ; EchRB[1]51(7)↗ וקליק יתיה לקודמוי‏ : he threw it before him ; TNM Lev19:14↗ לקדם אכסנייה דהוא מדמי לסמייה לא תשוון <ת>קל{ל}ה‏ : do not put a stumbling block before a stranger who is likened to a blind person ; PJ Ex9:10↗ וקמו לקדם פרעה‏ : they stood before Pharaoh ; PJ Deut10:1↗ וסוק לקדמי לטוורא‏ : come up to me to the mountain
(1)
fig. with inanimates
PTA, Syr
TN Num15:34marg.↗ דן חד מן ארבעה דינין \דקמו קדם /דיעלו לקדם/ משה רבן‏ : this is one for four cases that would come before our master Moses ; OS MtSin5:16↗ ܢܢܗܪ ܢܘܗܪܟܘܢ ܠܩܕܡ ܒ̈ܢܝ ܐܢܫܐ ܕܢܚܙܘܢ ܥܒܕ̈ܝܟܘܢ ܫܦܝܪ̈ܐ‏
(2)
in time (very rare!)
LJLA
TgQoh1:10↗ ביומי דריא דהוו לקדמנא‏ : in the days of the generations who were before us
2
with motion towards one's front
Syr, LJLA
AphDem7.146:12↗ ܡܛܠ ܕܠܩܕܡܝܗܘܢ ܣܝܡܢ ܐ̈ܦܝܗܘܢ‏ : because their faces face towards the front
(1)
towards (figures of respect)
JLAtg, Syr, JBA, JBAg, LJLA
TgO Ex2:23↗ וֻסלֵיקַת קְבִילַתהוֹן לִקדָם יוי‏ : their complaint went up to the Lord ; SyrAhiq 2 51:11↗ ܗܝܕܝܢ ܐܬܝܬ ܠܩܕܡ ܡܠܟܐ‏ ; PJ Gen41:43↗ והוו מקלסין לקדמוי‏ : they were praising him
(1)
w. pron. suf. : for oneself
Man
JohnBook 170:10↗ uailẖ lbanaia ḏbinta lqudamẖ labna : sorry is the builder who did not build a building for himself
(1)
ܐܸܬܵܐ ܠܲܩܕܵܡܲܘܗܝ : to advance
Syr
PhiloxDisc 9:05↗ ܘܲܟܡܐ ܕܪܵܒܸܐ ܘܵܐܬܸܐ ܠܲܩܕܵܡܲܘܗܝ‏ : as he grows and advances
(2)
to, to before
JBA, JBAg
MG 30:95.2.27↗ לקדם חבירינו שבבבל‏ : to our "colleagues who are in Babylonia" ; SShHai 9b(5) לקדמנא לבית דינא‏ : to before us to the court
(2)
ahead of
Syr
OS LkSin19:4↗ ܘܪܗܛ ܠܩܕܡܘܗܝ ܘܣܠܩ ܠܬܬܐ ܦܟܝܗܬܐ ܕܢܚܙܝܘܗܝ‏ : he ran on ahead of him and went up onto a sycamore to see him
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The vocalization of the prefix follows the rules of the individual dialects; JLA לִקדָם +pl. suffixes; CPA alone ܠܘܩܕܡ, with pron. suffixes ܠܩܘܕܡܝ and ܠܘܩܘܕܡ; JPA with pron. suffixes usually without internal waw; Mand. lqudam. In both Palestinian dialects, taking both sg. and pl. suffix forms.
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Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 1318[647]DJPA: 285bDJBA: 986aDrower/Macuch: 406aPayne-Smith ~: 3492Tal Sam: 756aDCPA[Schulthess]: 204[174]

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Wed, 04 Nov 2026 17:03:10 -0500