←
ḥtm (a/o [intran: a/a]) vb. to seal, close up
GDCGtDtCt
Gpəˁalto seal, close up4 senses▶
1
to seal, close up
Common Aramaic
TgJ Is29:11↗ כְפִתגָמֵי סִפְרָא דַחְתִים‏ : like the words of a sealed book ; OS MtSin27:66↗ ܘܚܬܡܘ ܟܐܦܐ ܗܝ ܥܡ ܩܣܛܘܕܝܐ‏ : they closed up that stone along with a guard ; TgSong4:12↗ ואלמלי דהוא חתים בשמא רבא‏ : had (the spring) not been sealed by the great name
(1)
lit. to seal
OfAEg-inf, OfAEg, BADan, JLAtg, Syr, JBA, Man
Dan 6:18↗ וְהֵיתָיִת אֶבֶן חֲדָה וְשֻׂמַת עַל־פֻּם גֻּבָּא וְחַתְמַהּ מַלְכָּא בְּעִזְקְתֵהּ‏ : a certain stone was brought and placed on the mouth of the pit and the king sealed it with his sealing ring ; TgJ 1K21:8↗ וֻכתַבַת אִגַרתָא בִשמָא דְאַחאָב וַחתַמַת בְעִזקְתֵיה‏ ; P 1K(1)21:8↗ ܘܚܬܡܬܗ ܒܥܙܩܬܗ‏ ; BT Git 68a(35)↗ ומיכסייה בטינרא דגללא וחתמיה בגושפנקא‏ : he covers it with a flint rock and seals it with a seal ; ATS 1.2:1120↗ ušauia lasaria ugiṭria bpagra uhtaminun bhatmia rurbia : he placed the bonds and knots on the body and sealed them with large seals ; PJ Ex28:30↗ אבן שתייה דבה חתם מרי{ה} עלמא פום תהומא רבא מן שירויא‏ : the foundation stone with which the Lord of the World sealed up the mouth of the great abyss at the beginning ; MegAntioch 62↗ צְלוֹחִית חְדָא דַהְוָת חְתִימָה בְעִזקָת כָהְנָא רַבָא‏ : a single cruise that was sealed with the seal-ring of the high priest
(1)
w. ܢܦܫܐ (w. or w.o. ܨܠܝܒܐ) : to make the sign of the cross
Syr
Pel 8.24 ܗܝܕܝܢ ܬܪ̈ܬܝܗܝܢ ܐܡܐ ܥܡ ܒܪܬܗ ܚܬܡ ܢܦܫܗܝܢ‏ : then the two of them, mother along with her daughter, crossed themselves ; JulSok 109(51):17↗ ܚܬܡ ܢܦܫܗ ܣܗܕܐ ܕܐܠܗܐ݂܂ ܘܥܒܕ ܪܘܫܡܗ ܕܨܠܝܒܐ‏
(2)
fig.: to close up something
JLAtg, Syr
TgO Lev15:3↗ חְתִים בִסרֵיה מִדוֹבֵיה‏ : his flesh is closed up from its oozing ; EphFid 22:11.4↗ ܚܬܡܘ ܦܘܡ̈ܝܗܘܢ ܒܫܬܩܐ ܕܦܘܪܫܢܐ‏ : they closed their mouths with discretion's silence ; LG 24:2(2)↗ ܘܡܲܥܸܠ ܠܗܽܘܢ ܐܽܘܡܵܢܵܐ ܥܵܒܽܘܪܵܐ ܠܢܽܘܪܵܐ ܥܵܒܽܘܪܬܵܐ ܘܲܡܚܲܕܸܬ ܠܗܽܘܢ ܘܚܵܬܡܼܝܢ ܨܽܘܪ̈ܵܬܗܽܘܢ‏ : a transitory (i.e. of this world) craftsman puts them in a transitory fire and renews them (broken vessels) and they close up their shapes ; TgJob9:7↗ ו<א>מטול כוכבי יחתום בענני‏ : with the clouds he closes up against the stars
(1)
to finish successfully
Syr, Man
JesusJohn 41↗ ܨܠܽܘܬܵܐ ܡܵܕܸܝܢ ܡܵܐ ܕܥܵܡܕܲܬ ܐܲܝܟܲܢ ܐܸܚܬܽܘܡ ܥܲܠ ܝܽܘܪܕܢܵܢ‏ : thus when You are being baptized, how can I finish the prayer over the Jordan?
(1)
especially a sacrament
Man
ATS 1.1:553↗ kul man ḏzidqa brika ḏqabin lanihtam ; ATS 1.1:658↗ tarmidia ḏhatmin umsaqmila lhanatẖ masiqta : the priests who finish and consummate that funeral mass
(2)
to affix firmly
Syr
IA2 324:v1467 ܣܢܘܢܝܬܐ ܚܬ݂ܡ݁ܬ ܩܢܗ݀܂ ܒܫ̈ܡܝ ܒܝܬܟ ܕܬܚܝܪܟ‏ : the swallow made its nest firm on the top of your house so it could look at you
(2)
to give a closing talk or benediction
Gal, JBA
PTRH 58.b:5[2]↗ ור׳ שמעון בן לקיש חתמין‏ : PN and PN2 conclude ; BT Meg 22a(45)↗ פתח בריך חתם ולא בריך‏ : he began (the Pentateuchal reading) and made a blessing. He concluded and did not recite a blessing
(3)
w. "mouth" : to keep silent
JBAmb, Man
JBABowl 48.1:1↗ אסירין ופכירין וחיתימין סכירין פומהון‏ : bound, tied, sealed and locked are their mouths ; ATS 1.1:213↗ ulhanatẖ hatma lahatmilẖ ˁl pumaihun : they do not put that seal on their mouths
2
to sign
Gal, PTA, CPA, Sam, JBA, JBAg
PTTan 69.a:26[2]↗ כתוב ואנא חתם והוה כתיב וחבריה חתם‏ : write, and I will sign! And he wrote, and the other signed ; JMP 6.1.R(25)↗ ולסהדייה ד]יסהדון ולחתומייה דיחתמון‏ ; TN Num22:7↗ אגרן חתימן‏ : signed letters ; BT BB 48b(17)↗ מאן דחתם אמודעא שפיר קא חתם, ומאן דחתם אאשקלתא שפיר קא חתם‏ : the one who signs on the declaration document signs properly, and the one who signs on the bill of sale signs properly
(1)
to sign as witness
OfASam, Jud, JBA, JBAg
SamPap.10.r.10↗ שהדיא זי יחתמון ג̇טא[ מהימנן המו]‏ : the witnesses who sign the document[ are reliable] ; XHev/Se 8a.14↗ text not cited ; BT BB 160b(40)↗ וחתימי שהדי‏ ; TGAs28(1) 191.1.2↗ וחתים שהדא עליה‏ ; HP Sassoon(1) 56.14↗ אנא ורב כהנא חתמנן על שטרא דאימיה דזעירא יתמא‏ : I and RavKahana witnessed the contract of orphan Mr. Little's mother
(2)
to engrave names
PTA
TN Ex39:14var.↗ דחתים גבר על שמיה‏
3
p.p. see also s.vv. ḥtym, ḥtymh
(1)
impossible to open up
Syr
EphRes 1.19 ܚܬܝܡ ܥܘܩܒܗ‏ : investigating it is impossible
(2)
imprisoned
JBAmb
JBABowl 5.1:2↗ אסיריתון בשבעה איסרין וחתימיתון בשבעה חתמין‏ : you (demons) are bound with seven bonds and sealed up with seven seals
4
intransitive: to become closed up (wound)
Syr
JnNhel 104(16)↗ ܘܒܗ݀ ܒܫܥܬܐ ܚܬܡ ܗܘ̈ܝ ܢܘ̈ܟܬܬܐ ܕܐܝܬ ܗܘ̈ܝ ܒܓܘܫܡܗ‏ : at that moment all the bites on his body closed up
Dpaˁˁelto seal2 senses▶
1
to seal
JLAtg, Gal, Syr, JBAmb, Man, LJLA
TgJ Ez27:24↗ מְחֻתְמִין"מַחֲתִין" בְעִזקָת גְלָב"גלף"‏ : sealed with engraved rings ; JulSok 423(208):21↗ ܟܬܒܐ ܂܂܂ ܕܡܚܬܡ ܒܐܪܡܝ ܐܝܕܗܘܢ‏ ; P Je32:10↗ ܟ݁ܬܒܬ ܐܫܛܪ̈ܐ݂ ܘܚ݁ܬܡܬ‏ ; DSumqa 289↗ htimit umhatmit : you are sealed and sealed up ; TgEsth103:12↗ מחתם בגושפנקא דמלכא‏ : sealed with the king's signet ring
(1)
to sign
Gal
PTQid 64.d:13[2]↗ לא הוינא מחתים‏ : I would not have signed
(2)
to confirm
Syr
AGnEx 23.21↗ ܘܡܚܬܡ ܥܠܝܗ݀ ܘܐܦ ܦܘܠܘܣ ܘܐܡ݁ܪ‏ : Paul also confirms that when he says ...
(3)
to define
Syr
(4)
to protect (or: double seal?) against demonic forces
JBAmb
JBABowl 64.1:5↗ חתים ומחתם ביתיה ודירתיה ואיסקופתיה ובית מישכביה‏
(5)
to close up (wound)
Syr
Nars 27:v1 ܨܒܐ܃ ݁݁݁ ܠܚܒܪ̈ܬܢ ܕܡܡܚܝܢ܃ ܢܚܬܡ ܘܢܐܣܐ ܒܝܕ ܡܠܬܗ‏ : he wants to close up and heal our afflicted wounds by means of his word
2
to finish
Syr, JBAmb
(1)
to fix
PTA
FTP Gen6:3↗ מחתם הוא גזר דינא דדרא דמבולא‏ : the decree of the generation of the Flood was fixed
Cˀafˁelto allow to sign or seal2 senses▶
1
to allow to sign or seal
JBA
BT Git 67a(2)↗ ומשום כיסופא דסופר חיישינן ומיחתמי ליה‏ : on account of scribal shame they allow him to sign
2
to provide with signers
JBA
BT BB 163a(26)↗ וכתיב מאי דבעי ומחתים סהדי‏ : he writes what he wants and provides witnesses
Gtˀeṯpəˁelto be sealed2 senses▶
1
to be sealed
Syr, Man, LJLA
StatNis.68.10↗ ܘܒܛܒ̈ܥܐ ܕܛܝܢܐ ܕܡ݂ܢ ܐܪܥܐ ܡܬܚܬܡܝܢ ܗܘܘ‏ : they were sealed by clay seals from the earth ; Hatma Rba 195↗ ḏˁstarbẖ uˁhtimbia babia šumia uarqa : by which the gates of heaven and earth have been bound and sealed ; TgJob24:16↗ מתחתמין להון בגנזיא לא ידעו נהורא‏ : sealed up up in storerooms that did not see the light
(1)
to be protected
Syr, JBAmb
SyrAm2:25↗ ܡܢ ܩܕܡ ܪܐܙܐ ܕܝܬܝܒ ܒܗܕܝܢ ܩܡܥܐ ܐܬܚܬܝܡ ܦܓܪܗ݀ ܘܐܬܚܬܝܡ ܩܢܝܢܗ݀ ܘܐܬܚܬܝܡܘ ܒܢܘܗ̈ܝ‏ : my means of the incantation located in this amulet, his body, possession, and children have become protected ; IM212092 1:2↗ די^ת^סון ויתחתמון ויתנטרון ברחמי שמיא‏ : that they be healed, sealed, and protected through Heaven's mercy
(2)
of the "seal" of circumcision
LJLA
TgSong3:8↗ וכל חד וחד מנהון חתימת מילא על בשרהון הי כמא דאתחתמת בבסריה דאברהם אבוהון‏ : every one of them sealed with circumcision on their flesh just as it was sealed the flesh of their father Abraham
2
to be finished
Syr
AphDem5.101:6↗ ܡ̈ܠܘܗܝ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܠܐ ܡܣܬܝܟܢ܂ ܘܐܦܠܐ ܡܬܚܬܡܢ‏ ; SyrCharm.1.12:15↗ ܘܡܬܚܬܡܐ ܟܬܝܒܬܐ ܗܕܐ ܐܡܝܢ ܘܐܡܝܢ‏
(1)
to be signed
JBA, Man
BT Git 28b(27)↗ לבתר דליחתים פורסי שנמג‏ : after the p'-document is signed ; JohnBook 218:8↗ rušuma dakia ḏbhailaihun dilun mithitmia : the pure sign signed under their own power
(2)
to be confirmed (in Christian faith by the sign of the Cross)
Syr
JohEphLES [97]:7↗ ܬܠܝܬܝܘܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ܃ ܗ݀ܝ ܕܒܗ݀ ܐܬ݁ܚܬܡ݂ܬ ܠܦܘܪܩܢܐ ܕܚܝ̈ܝ‏ : the holy Trinity by which I was confirmed for the salvation of my life ; TDN.130:21↗ ܘܗܘ݁ ܕܐܬܚܬܡ ܢܥܢܐ‏ : the one who was confirmed shall respond ; LG 24:2(4)↗ ܘܸܐܬܚܬܲܡܬ ܠܵܟ ܒܫܸܡܝ ܘܲܥܒܲܪܬ ܥܲܠ ܟܽܠܗܽܘܢ ܦܽܘܩܕ̈ܵܢܲܝ‏ : you have been sealed by My name but violated all My commandments
Dtˀeṯpaˁˁalto be finished2 senses▶
1
to be finished
Syr
JSBhom 159:68↗ ܘܚܲܫܵܐ ܒܵܥܸܐ ܕܢܸܬܚܲܬܲܡ ܒܸܗ ܝܲܩܼܝܪܵܐܼܝܬ‏ : the pain needs to be finished with it honorably
(1)
(decree): to be fixed, determined
JLAtg, Gal, LJLA
TgJ Jer4:1↗ תִתקַבַל תְיוּבתָך עַד לָא תִתחַתַם גְזֵירְתָך‏ : your repentance will be accepted before your decree is sealed ; SYAP 19:2↗ היך אתחתם גזר דינא מן שמיא‏ ; TgTosPr 2Sam.21:17↗ והא גזר דינך אתחתם לאיתקטלא‏ : your decree to be killed has now been sealed
2
to be closed up
PTA
TN Lev15:3↗ אתחת׳"אחתם בשרה מן דובה‏ : [MT הֶחְתִּים בְּשָׂרוֹ מִזּוֹבוֹ]
Ctˀettafˁalto be sealed1 sense▶
to be sealed
Syr
MB 36:v489 text not cited
§▶
JBAmb p.p. may omit initial ח or substitute א for it, possibly influenced by ˁṭm vb.
☛▶
🔍▶
✎▶
Why LS2 thinks that the Gt in the cited passage from JohEphLES 97:7 must uniquely refer to baptism escapes us.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 504[264]DJPA: 218aDJBA: 489bJastrow: 514Drower/Macuch: 154b, 131b, 260J. Payne-Smith: 163fLevy Ch-W: 1:290Tal Sam: 300bDNWSI: 413DCPA[Schulthess]: 142[72]DJA: 51aQumran: 93

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Sun, 08 Nov 2026 16:08:00 -0500