←
šm, šmˀ (šum, šom, šem; šmā) n.m. name
1
name
Common Aramaic
Fakh.11↗ wšmym | lšm | bh : he must place my name on it ; TAD B3.8 R.3↗ ושאלת מנך לנשן יהוישמע שמה אחתך‏ : I asked for your sister the lady named PN from you ; Ezra 5:4↗ מַן־אִנּוּן שְׁמָהָת גֻּבְרַיָּא דִּי־דְנָה בִנְיָנָא בָּנַיִן‏ : what are the names [lit.: who are they, the names] of the men who are building this building? ; PAT341:1.1↗ lbryk šmh lˁlmˀ : for the one whose name is blessed forever ; NabCvLet 10:3.13↗ kdy ˀnw nqybyn bšmhn : as these are specified by name ; PRK148.10↗ אזל לחדא מדינת׳ דשמא קרטיגנא‏ : he went to a certain city named GN ; SamTgJ Ex28:9↗ שמהת בני ישראל‏ ; P Acts5:34↗ ܚܲܕ݂ ܡܸܢ ܦ݁ܪ̈ܝܼܫܸܐ ܕܲܫܡܸܗ ܗܘܵܐ ܓ݁ܲܡܲܠܝܼܐܝܸܠ‏ ; BT San 8a(41)↗ ואזל שליחא דבי דינא ואמר משמא דחד מניהו‏ : a messenger of the court went and stated (the decision) in the name of one of them ; PJ Gen2:11↗ שום חד פישון‏ : the name of one is Pishon
(1)
ܒܹܝܬ ܫ̈ܡܵܗܹܐ : the book of Exodus (i.e. Hebrew שׁמות)
Syr
ESL1 653:27 text not cited
2
fame, reputation
Qumran, JLAtg, Gal, PTA, Syr, JBA, Man, LJLA
4QLevibar3..3↗ ותח̇ל̇ל̇ שמה ושם אבוה‏ : she defames her name and her father's name ; GT AA Deut26:19↗ לשם טב‏ ; StatNis.77.3↗ ܐܚ̈ܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܕܫܡܐ ܛܒܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܗܘܢ‏ : those brethren who have a good reputation ; BT Šab 116b(1)↗ ההוא פולאספא בשיבבותיהו דהוה שקיל שמא דדאין ולא מקבל שחדא‏ : a certain philosopher in their neighborhood who had gotten a reputation for judging and not taking a bribe ; AM 266:38↗ had gabra ḏˁtlẖ šuma nimut : a certain famous man will die ; PJ Gen6:4↗ גיברין דמעלמא אינשי שמהן‏ : famous heroes of old
(1)
d_ : famous
JLAtg, Syr
TgO Gen6:4↗ גִיבָרַיָא דְמֵיעָלְמָא אֲנָשִין דִשמָא‏ : the famous heroes of old ; P Gn6:4↗ ܓܢܒܪ̈ܐ ܕܫܡ̈ܗܬܐ‏ ; JS_Elijah 4:89↗ ܗܵܠܸܝܢ ܚܲܢ̈ܦܸܐ ܪܲܘܪ̈ܒܸܐ ܕܲܫܡܲܗ̈ܵܬܵܐ‏ : these great, famous pagans
(2)
אפק שׁמא : to spread a rumor about one
JBA
BT BQ 114b(48)↗ דיל׳ הוא ניהו דקא מפיק שמא‏ : maybe he is the one who is spreading the rumor (about being the subject of theft)
(3)
terms for a person, epithet
Syr
Rev 3:4↗ ܩܲܠܼܝܠ ܫ̈ܡܵܗܸܐ‏ : a few epithets
3
absolute preceding a noun : any
JBA, JBAg
SOZ 72:26↗ לא פש מנהון חד שום אנש‏ : not a single person was left from them ; Anan 83:10↗ text not cited
4
pretext
Syr
(1)
ܒܫܸܡ : in name only
Syr
PhiloxMonks 136:1↗ ܘܚܕ ܢܚܫ ܒܥܒ݁ܕܐ ܘܚܕ ܒܫܡܐ‏ : that one would suffer in fact and one in name only
(1)
in the guise of
Syr
Rechts3 174:13 ܐܝܟ ܙܢܐ ܕܙܓܘܓܝܬܐ ܒܫܡܐ ܕܝܩܘ̈ܢܕܐ܃ ܐܘ ܕܙܡܪ̈ܓܕܐ܃ ܐܘ ܦܠܙܐ ܒܫܡܐ ܕܕܗܒܐ‏ : for example that glass (has been sold) in the guise of rubies or emeralds, or brass for gold ; EphSerm 1:8.7↗ ܗܫܐ ܕܝܢ ܒܫܡ ܢܝܪܐ ܪܫܗܝܢ ܐܦܠܛ ܡܢ ܢܝܪܐ‏ : but now in the guise of being yoked, they freed their head of the yoke
(2)
see also s.v. bšm prep.
(3)
ܒܫܡ܂ ܒܫܡܐ ܕ : for the sake of
Syr
INB 543:5↗ ܕܦܪܫ ܡ݂ܢ ܐܘܝܘܬܐ ܕܚܒܪ̈ܘܗܝ ܒܫܡ ܡܘܬܒܐ ܝܚܝܕܝܐ‏ : who separates from the society of his comrades for the sake of living as a solitary
(2)
see s.v. lšm, lšwm prep.
5
(gram.) word
Syr
ON 70:3 ܦܘܫܩ ܫܡܵܗܹ̈ܐ ܥܣܩ̈ܐ‏ : explanation of difficult words [many of which are verbal forms, not just nouns]
(1)
noun
Syr
BhGr 6:1-89:6 text not cited ; ON 39:2 ܡ݁ܢ ܦܘܪܫܢܐ ܐܝܬ ܒܝܬ ܢܸܬܗܼܓܹܐ܂ ܠܢܸܬ݂ܗܲܓܹ݁ܐ܂ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܢܵܦܹܠ ܥܠ ܫܡܐ܂ ܘܐܚܪܢܐ ܥܠ ܒܪܢܫܐ‏ : what is the difference between (the Gt and Dt of hgy): the first refers to a noun (or word) (as subject), the other to a person
(1)
ܡܠܬ ܫܡܐ : adjective
Syr
BhGr 3:25 text not cited
(2)
mark of punctuation
Syr
JBhSy 15:1 text not cited
(3)
ܕܥܡ ܫܡܐ : synonym [Greek calque]
Syr
§▶
OA: ˀšm; abs. JLAtg שוֹם, שֵם ; Syr, CPA šem; pl. in -ahān and also -ē in Syriac and -awān in CPA, Sam. שמהן, שמהתא . In Mandaic the first vowel /u/ is preserved in all forms.
☛▶
🔍▶
✎▶
See also s.v. lšm prep., a usage often difficult to distinguish semantically from l_ prep. preceding this word.
We assume that in JLAtg there was at one time a distinction of a sort (i.e., idiolectal and/or between absolute and construct forms) among the three attested forms with short /o/,/u/, and /e/ vowels, but the versions of the texts at our disposal do not provide any clear evidence.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 1569[784]DJPA: 555bDJBA: 1153bJastrow: 1590Drower/Macuch: 454b, 40b, 41a, 455bJ. Payne-Smith: 583Levy Ch-W: 2:491Tal Sam: 907DNWSI: 1155DCPA[Schulthess]: 426[209]DJA: 83aQumran: 237

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Wed, 04 Nov 2026 23:53:32 -0500