←
mkk (a[e]/a[u]) vb. to be low, humble
GDCGtDtQQt
Gpəˁalto be low3 senses▶
1
to be low
JLAtg, Gal, Sam, LJLA
TgJ Jud5:4↗ אַרעָא זַעַת אַף שְמַיָא מַכוּ‏ ; TgJ Amos6:7↗ וְיִעדֵי מִנְהוֹן מַרזְחִין וֻמָכְכִין‏ : the banqueting societies and those who lie low will disappear from them ; SYAP 11:25↗ מכון שמיא ורמת ארעא‏ : the heavens came down low and the ground raised up ; SYAP 69:29↗ ורוחיהון מככין‏ : whose spirits are low ; TgPs139:8↗ אין אסק לשמיא תמן אנת"את" ואימוך לשיול הא תמן מימרך‏ : if I go up to heaven,You are there; and go as low as Sheol, there is Your word
(1)
to spread out (intransitive)
Syr
AphDem3.49:20↗ ܘܩܛܡܐ݂ ܡ݂ܟ‏ ; P Is58:5↗ ܘܣܩܐ ܘܩܛܡܐ ܡܐ݁ܟ ܠܗ‏
(2)
to lie down
Syr, JBA, Man
BT Pes 49a(50)↗ בר מך רבע‏ : the one who lay down completely
(1)
to bow down
CPA
Lag(280) Matt2:11↗ ܘܡܟ̈ܘ ܘܣ̈ܓܕܘ ܠܗ‏
(3)
to sink (ground)
JBA
BT San 95a(39)var.↗ רוחא/מכא/ ליה ארעא תותיה‏ : the ground opened/sank/ beneath him
2
to be humble, humbled
Syr
(1)
to be of less value
Syr
Heb 2:9↗ ܗܲܘ ܕܸ݁ܝܢ ܕ݁ܡܲܟ݂ ܩܲܠܼܝܠ ܡܸܢ ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܸܐ‏ : that one who became a bit less than the angels
3
to spread out something below
Syr, JBA, Man
JSB5 241:8↗ ܡܲܟ ܠܗ ܩܬܡܐ ܚܠܦ ܐܣܦܘ̈ܓܐ‏ : he spread out ashes instead of sponges ; IVMac9:19↗ ܢܘܪܐ ܬܚܘܬܘܗܝ ܡ݁ܟܘ‏ : they spread [Gk. ὑπέστρωσαν] fire beneath him ; BT Ber 59a(37)↗ מוך שקיך וגני‏ : spread out your sacks and lie down ; BT Tan 21b(42)↗ מך ל{י}ה<ֻ> ביסתרקי‏ : he spread out cushions for them ; JohnBook 107:1 ↗ arsa bkušṭa maklẖ : he lay out bed for him in truth
(1)
to level(?)
JBA
BT Ber 54b(3)↗ והוה מכיך קמיהו טורי‏ : (the Ark) would level mountains before them
Dpaˁˁelto bring down low2 senses▶
1
to bring down low
Sam, Syr, JBA, LJLA
P 2S22:28↗ ܘܥܝ̈ܢܐ ܪ̈ܡܬܐ ܬܡܟܟ‏ ; PJ Num14:14↗ מטול למככא טוריא וגלימתא‏ : in order to lower the mountains and the hills
(1)
to humiliate
Syr
EphNis 1:9.3↗ ܡܕܒܚܟ ܕܐܒܝܠ ܘܡܡܟܟ‏ : your mournful and humiliated altar ; P Lv16:29↗ ܡܟܟܘ ܢܦܫ̈ܬܟܘܢ‏ : humble yourselves
(1)
ܢܦܫܗ : to force oneself to do something unpleasant
Syr
BhEth 131:15 ܡܢܲܟܸܟ݂ ܢܦܫܗ ܘܢܐܙܠ‏ : he should force himself and go
(2)
to make low in status, poor
Syr
P Dt8:3↗ ܘܡܟܟܟ ܘܐܟܦܢܟ ܘܐܘܟܠܟ ܡܢܢܐ‏ : he made you poor and hungry and fed you manna
2
to spread out something low
Syr
VRabb 185:1 ܬܫܘܝܬܐ ܕܝܢ ܡܡܟܟܬܐ ܕܥܪܣܗ݂‏ : his bed's lowly spread mattress
(1)
to level
JBA
BT Yom 84b(31)↗ ואף על גב דקא ממכיך‏ : even though he is leveling (ground) [but see variant s.v. סכך vb.]
Cˀafˁelto lower3 senses▶
1
to lower
Qumran, Gal, PTA, CPA, JBA, LJLA
11QtgJob 2.6=19:17↗ רוח המכת לאנתתי̇[‏ : I became low-spirited for my wife ; SYAP 3:9↗ עינוי אמך‏ : he lowered his eyes ; TN Deut32:4↗ ותלת שעין מזווג זוגין בין גבר לאתתה ומרים וממך‏ : for three hours He joins man and woman in marriage and raises up and lowers down ; CPA Job9:27↗ ܡܬܢܫܐ ܐܢܐ ܡܢ ܡܡܠܠ ܘܡܡܟ ܐܦ̈ܐ‏ : I shall forget speaking and lower my face ; Geron 17.1:2↗ ܘܗܝܕܢ ܡܢܢ ܕܡܡܟ ܐܝܠܢܐ ܥܡܗ ܟܕ ܗܘ ܩܥܕ ܒܨܠܘܬܝܗ‏ : whichever of us who can lower the tree when he kneels down in his prayer ; BT Ber 54b(3)↗ ואינהו לא הוו ידעי דארונא מסגי קמי ישראל, והוה מ{{כ}}<מ>יך קמיהו טורי‏ : but they did not know that the Ark was preceding Israel and would bring down (or emend to ממכיך?) the mountains before them ; TgPs113:6↗ דממיך/דמכיך/ עייניה למחמי בשמיא ובארעא‏ : who lowers/lowered/ his eye to look upon the heavens and the earth
2
to lower the voice
Syr
SyrAhiq 3 151:151↗ ܘܐܡܟ ܩܠܟ‏ ; P Prov26:25↗ ܡܡܟ ܩܠܗ‏
3
fig. : to humble, make lower in status
Syr
Addai.8.10↗ ܐܙܥܪ ܢܦܫܗ܃ ܘܐܡܟ ܗܘܐ ܐܠܗܘܬܗ ܡܪܝܡܬܐ ܒܦܓܪܐ/ܒܐܢܫܘܬܐ/ ܕܫܩ݂ܠ ܗܘܐ‏ : He made himself small and lowered his supreme divine nature in the body/human-nature/ that He took ; INW 19↗ ܐܦܘ̈ܗ݂ܝ ܕܡܪܝܐ ܠܘܩܒܠ ܪ̈ܡܐ܃ ܕܢܡܟܟ ܐܢܘܢ‏ : the Lord’s face is against the proud to humble them
Gtˀeṯpəˁelto be placed below1 sense▶
to be placed below
Syr
Am6 421:19↗ ܕܢܝܬܘܢ ܛܸܓ݂ܢܵܐ܃ ܘܢܘܪܐ ܬܚܘܬܘܗܝ ܬܬ݂ܡܟܸܟ܃ ܘܡܫܚܐ ܥܠܝܗ ܢܬܪܣܣ‏ : that they bring a torture pan and fire be laid down under it and oil sprinkled on top of it
(1)
to spread oneself out below
Syr
P Is14:11↗ ܬܚܘܬܝܟ ܬܬܡܟܟ ܪܡܬܐ ܘܬܟܣܝܟ ܬܘܠܥܐ‏ : beneath you maggots will be widespread and worms will cover you ; P Is32:19↗ ܘܐܝܟ ܦܩܥܬܐ ܬܬܡܟܟ ܡܕܝܢܬܐ‏ : the city shall spread out like a plain [i.e., below the tel]
Dtˀeṯpaˁˁalto be made or make oneself low2 senses▶
1
to be made or make oneself low
PTA, Sam, LJLA
TN Ex12:42↗ שמיא אתמככו ונחתו‏ : the heavens lowered themselves and came down † ; TgPs42:6↗ מה תתמככין נפשי‏ : [=MT מַה־תִּשְׁתּוֹחֲחִי נַפְשִׁי]
(1)
to humble oneself
Syr
2
to be brought low, subdued
Syr
AphDem5.80:2↗ ܟܠ ܡ݁ܢ ܕܢܬܬܪܝܡ ܢܬܡܟܟ‏ ; P Is54:10↗ ܡܛܠ ܕܛܘܪ̈ܐ ܢܬܡܟܟܘܢ܂ ܘܪ̈ܡܬܐ ܢܬܪ̈ܟܢܢ‏
(1)
to be humiliated
Syr
IIMac8:35↗ ܐܬܡܟܟ ܘܢܦܠ ܬܚܝܬ ܗܢܘܢ ܕܣܒܪ ܗܘܐ ܕܒܨܝܪܝܢ ܡܢܗ ܒܚܝܠܐ‏ : he was humiliated and fallen beneath those whom he had though inferior to him in strength
Qquadriliteralmkmk : to crush, bring down2 senses▶
1
mkmk : to crush, bring down
CPA
CPA Psalms142:3↗ ܕܪܕܦ ܒܥܝܠ ܕܒܒܝ ܠܢܦܫܝ ܘܡܟܡܟ ܒܐܪܥܐ ܚܝܝ‏ : for the enemy pursued my soul and crushed my life to the ground
2
fig. : to humiliate, put down
PTA, CPA
TN Gen44:19↗ ושרי יהודה ממכמך במילוי‏ ; CPA Ezek22:11↗ ܒܪܬܗ ܕܐܒܘܝ ܡܟܡܟܘ ܒܝܟܝ‏ : [LXX: θυγατέρα τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ ἐταπείνουν ἐν σοί] ; CPA Psalms43:20↗ ܘܡܟܡܟܬ ܝܬ݁ܢ ܒܐܬ݁ܪܐ ܕܒܝܫܬ݁ܢ‏ : you humiliated us in our evils' place
QtquadTto be brought low2 senses▶
1
to be brought low
CPA
CPA(le97) Is 40:4↗ ܟܘܠ ܢܚܠ ܝܬ݁ܡܠܝ ܘܟܘܠ ܛܘܪ̈ ܘܬ݁ܠ ܝܬ݁ܡܟܡܟ‏ : every wadi shall be filled up and every mountain and hill brought low
2
fig. : to be humiliated
CPA
CPA Psalms37:9↗ ܐܬ݁ܒܝܫܬ ܘܐܬ݁ܡܟܡܟܬ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܚܕܐ‏ : I was utterly vilified and humiliated
§▶
thematic vowels quite inconsistent
☛▶
🔍▶
✎▶
See also s.v.. mwk, mky. Gt and Dt generally not distinguishable.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 758[384]DJPA: 307bDJBA: 676aJastrow: 783Drower/Macuch: 271b, 261aPayne-Smith: 2099J. Payne-Smith: 270Levy Ch-W: 2:35Tal Sam: 467DCPA[Schulthess]: 224|[224|]Qumran: 138

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Wed, 04 Nov 2026 17:15:35 -0500