←
šbq (a/u) vb. to leave; to permit
GDCGt
Gpəˁalto leave, depart from5 senses▶
1
to leave, depart from
Common Aramaic
P Ex2:20↗ ܠܡܢܐ ܫܒܩܬܢܝܗܝ ܠܓܒܪܐ‏ ; P Ps27:9↗ ܠܐ ܬܫܕܝܢܝ ܘܠܐ ܬܫܒܩܢܝ‏ ; JBAmb2 55:13↗ ושבוקו מיניהון‏ : leave them! ; BT Yev 115a(41)↗ ולא איפשר לי למשבק אינשי ביתאי ומית׳ קמי רבנן‏ : I cannot leave my wife and come before the scholars ; BT San 26a(1)↗ הוה שביקי ליה ואזלי‏ : they had been going away from him
2
to leave something left over
Common Aramaic
LESC 65.1:2↗ ܘܠܐ ܗܘܐ ܫܒܩ ܠܨܦܪܐ ܟܠܘܡ‏ : he would not leave anything left over for the morning ; PagPhil.225.15↗ ܟܐܦ ܥܠ ܟܐܦ ܒܗ ܠܐ ܢܫܒܩܘܢ‏ : they shall not leave a single stone in it ; P Ma3:19↗ ܘܠܐ ܢܫܒܘܩ ܠܗܘܢ ܥܩܪܐ ܘܥܘܦܐ‏ : it will not leave them either root or branch ; JBABowl 78.1:19↗ ולא נישבוק להו חיה בדיריהו‏ : we shall not spare them a living thing in their dwellings ; Anan 111:2↗ אי מית ושביק תרתין נשי‏ : if he dies and leaves behind two wives
(1)
ܫܒܘܿܩ ܕ : aside from, to say nothing of (i.e., just like English 'let alone')
Syr
Sind 6:12 ܐܠܘ ܐܝܬ ܗܘܐ ܠܟ ܡܐܐ ܒ̈ܢܝܢ ܠܐ ܙ݁ܕܩ ܗܘܐ ܠܟ ܕܬܩܛܘܠ ܠܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܫܒܘ݂ܩ ܕܠܝܬ ܠܟ ܐܠܐ ܐܢ ܚܕ‏ : if you had a hundred sons it would not be right for you to kill one of them, let alone when you only have one ; JoshStyl 15.18↗ ܟܡܐ ܚܘܣܪ̈ܢܐ ܘܢܦܩ̈ܬܐ ܗܘ̈ܝܢ ܠܡܠ̈ܟܐ ܒܩܪ̈ܒܐ܂ ܐܦ ܟܕ ܡ݂ܙܟܐ ܢܙܟ݂ܘܢ܃ ܫܒܘܩ ܐܡܬܝ ܕܐܦ ܚ݁ܝܒܝܢ‏ : how many losses and expenses kings incur in wars, even when they actually are victorious, let alone when they lose
(1)
with or without following relative : however
Sam
SamTgJ Num13:28↗ שבק הלא עזיז עמה דדאר בארעה‏ : however the nation living in the land is mighty
(2)
to entrust, to put aside, leave behind
OfAEg-inf, Qumran, Gal, PTA, Syr, JBA
TAD A2.2 R.15↗ ויהוי זבן גשרן ושבק בבתה‏ : he should buy beams and leave them in his house ; 4QTQah 1,1:12↗ ירות̇[תא ד]י שבקו לכון אבהתכון‏ : the inheritance your fathers left you ; GT F Lev23:22↗ למסכינייא ולגיורייא תשבקון‏ : you must leave it behind for the poor and the strangers ; Rom11:4↗ ܫܸܒ݂ܩܸܬ݂ ܠܢܲܦ݂ܫܝ ܫܒܥܐ ܐܠܦܝ̈ܢ ܓܒܪ̈ܝܢ‏ : I have left 7,000 men for myself ; BTŠvu 48b(12)↗ ההוא דשכיב ושבק ערבא‏ : a certain man who died and left behind a guarantor (of a loan he had received)
(3)
to bequeath
Gal, JBA, JBAg
VR 245:4(5)↗ ולא שביק לן לאחר מיתתיה כלום‏ : he will not bequeath anything to us after his death ; BT Ket 50b(4)↗ מאן דשביק ארעא‏ : one who bequeaths land
3
to abandon, leave alone
Common Aramaic
TAD A1.1.7↗ למשלח חיל לחצלתנ̇י̇ א̇ל י̇שבקנ[י‏ : [let him quickly] send a force to rescue me, let him not abandon me ; TAD A2.4 R.4↗ אל תצף לחרוץ לה שבק אנה לה 1 כדי מטאה ידי‏ : do not worry about PN, as much as possible I shall not leave him alone ; Dan 4:20↗ עִקַּר שָׁרְשׁוֹהִי בְּאַרְעָא שְׁבֻקוּ‏ : leave its roots' base in the ground ; GenApoc 20.10↗ ושביקת אנה אברם בדילה‏ : I, Abram, was left alone on her account ; BR 311:2(1)↗ אילו שבקתיה לא רב הוה מתעבד‏ : if you had left it (i.e. the plant) alone, wouldn't it have become large? ; BT Ber 49a(44)↗ ושבקת כל הני תנאי ואמוראי ועבדת כרב‏ : you have forsaken all of these Tannaim and Amoraim and have acted according to PN
(1)
to divorce
Syr, JBAmb, JBAg
OS MtCur5:32↗ ܡܢ ܕܫܩܠ ܫܒܝܩܬܐ ܡܓܪ ܓܐܪ‏ : one who marries a divorced woman actually commits adultery ; P Dt22:19↗ ܘܠܐ ܢܫܬܠܛ ܠܡܫܒܩܗ݀ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܝܘܡ̈ܘܗܝ‏ ; SSSad 223:25↗ ופטרית ושבקית ותר{ן}<ו>כית יתיכי‏
(2)
fig. : to ignore
Syr, JBA
EphFid 41:7.5↗ ܣܦܪ̈ܐ ܫܒܩܘ ܬܗܪܐ ܣܡ̈ܝܐ ܕܐܬܦܬܚܘ‏ : the scribes have ignored the miracle, the blind who gained sight ; BT Šab 32a(8)↗ שבקיה לרוויא דמנפשיה קא נפיל‏ : ignore the drunkard for he is going to fall down all by himself
(1)
to omit, leave out
Gal
BR 1069:1(1)↗ שבק קרייה כלום‏ : does the Bible omit anything?
(3)
w. ܠܒܬܪ : to leave behind, overtake
Syr
JSB4 637:16↗ ܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܪ̈ܘܡܐ ܠܒܬܪܗ ܫܒܩܬ̤‏ : it left all the heights behind it
4
to permit, allow
Common Aramaic
Ezra 6:7↗ שְׁבֻקוּ לַעֲבִידַת בֵּית־אֱלָהָא דֵךְ‏ : permit the work of that god's temple ; GT E Gen31:28↗ ולא שבקת יתי למנשקה לבניי̊‏ : you did not allow me to kiss my children ; OS MtCur13:30↗ ܫܒܘܩܘ ܪܒܝܢ ܐܟܚܕܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܚܨܕܐ‏ : allow them to grow up together until the harvest ; BT BQ 60b(32)↗ מר פתח למימר אגדתא לא שביק ליה מר‏ : he began to say a homiletical lesson (and) the other did not let him ; AM 77:19↗ ˁniš lašabqa ḏništaiia aqama : she does not permit anyone to speak before her ; MandMB 75:108 ↗ ˁsira kulhin ruhia uhumria uliliata ḏšbiqalhun barqa tˁbil : bound are all the spirits and amulet-spirits and liliths that they have let lose upon the the world ; PJ Gen20:6↗ לא שבקתך למקרב לגבה‏ : I did not allow you to approach her
(1)
to condone, to forgive
Qumran, JLAtg, Gal, PTA, Syr, Man
11QtgJob 38.2=42:9↗ ושמע א[ל]ה̇א בקלה די איוב וש̇ב̇ק̇ להון חטאיהון‏ : God listened to Job's voice and forgave them their sins ; TgJ Is33:24↗ שְבִיק לְחוֹבֵיהוֹן‏ : forgiven of their sins ; TN Gen18:24↗ ולא את שרי ושבק לחובין דאתרא‏ : are you not going to allow and forgive the place's sins ; P Gn4:13↗ ܪܒܐ ܗܝ ܣܟܠܘܬܝ ܡܢ ܕܠܡܫܒܩ‏ : my crime is too great to be forgiven
(1)
to forgive a debt
Syr, JBAg
P Mt18:27↗ ܘܚܲܘܒ݁ܬ݂ܸܗ ܫܒ݂ܲܩ ܠܸܗ‏ : he forgave him his debt ; HP Sassoon(1) 64.6↗ ושבק מן ממוניה מידי‏ : he forgave some of his capital
(2)
šabiq haTaiia : as a substantive: forgiveness of sins
Man
(3)
ܒܗ ܐܝܼܕܵܐ : to allow someone
Syr
Am5 204:8↗ ܠܐ ܓܝܪ ܥܕܟܝܠ ܫܒܩ ܒܗ ܐܠܗܐ ܐܝܕܐ̈ ܕܢܬܢܣܐ ܡܢܗܘܢ‏ : for God had not yet allowed him to be tested by them
5
to release, let free
Syr, JBAmb, JBA, JBAg
BT BB 21b(1)↗ דקטלת זכרים ושבקת לנקבות‏ : you killed the males and released the females ; BT AZ 17b(43)↗ ומאי טעמ׳ שבקת עבדך לחירו‏ : why did you manumit your slave?
(1)
w. dm : to shed blood, make bleed
Syr, JBA, Man
Rechtsb2 70:6 ܕܢܟܘܣ ܐܘ ܠܐ܂ ܘܕܢܓܙܪܘܪ݁ ܐܘ ܠܐ܂ ܘܕܢܫܒܘܩ ܕܡܐ܂ ܐܘ ܠܐ‏ : may he slaughter, cut open, let blood, or not ; BT Šab 110b(38)↗ ולישבוק ליה דמא אפותייה ולייתי ארישיה‏ : he should allow blood to shed on (the foal's) forehead and put in on his own head ; ATS 2.3:1445↗ luat zauẖ laniqrab uzma lanišbuq : he should not approach his wife nor shed blood
(2)
ܢܘܪܐ : to ignite, set a fire
Syr
KwD<sup>2</sup> 10(2) ܐܦ ܩܝܣܐ ܩܪܝܪܐ ܟܕ ܣܓܝ ܢܬܬܫܝܦ ܚܐ݁ܡ ܘܫܒ݁ܩ ܢܘܪܐ‏ : even a cold piece of wood when it is rubbed a lot gets warm and makes fire ; SyrAhiq 2 37:11↗ ܒܢܝܬ ܠܝ ܥܠܬܐ ܚܕܐ ܪܒܬܐ ܟܠܗ݀ ܩܝܣ̈ܐ܂ ܘܫܒܩܬ ܒܗ݀ ܢܘܪܐ ܘܣܡܬ ܥܠܝܗ݀ ܣܝܒܪܬܐ ܛܒܐ‏ : I built myself a large altar completely of wood, lit it with fire, and placed finest foodstuffs upon it ; P Je11:16↗ ܫܒܘܩܘ ܢܘܪܐ‏
Dpaˁˁelto divorce1 sense▶
to divorce
Gal, PTA, JBAmb
VR 803:2(1)↗ פרנא רב עליי ולית בי משבקת{א}<ה>‏ : the ketubbah is too large for me so I do not have enough to divorce her ; PTKet 30.c:57[2]↗ בהן דמשביק אינתתיה‏ ; TN Deut22:19↗ למשבקה יתה‏ ; JBABowl 19.1:2↗ שביקית ופטרית ותרכית יתיכי‏
Cˀafˁelto permit1 sense▶
to permit
Syr
OS MkSin1:34↗ ܠܐ ܡܫܒܩ ܗܘܐ ܠܗܘܢ ܠܡܡܠܠܘ‏ : he did not allow them to speak
Gtˀeṯpəˁelto be left, abandoned3 senses▶
1
to be left, abandoned
Common Aramaic
Dan 2:44↗ וּמַלְכוּתָה לְעַם אָחֳרָן לָא תִשְׁתְּבִק‏ ; P Ps37:25↗ ܙܕܝܩܐ ܕܐܫܬܒܩ‏ : a righteous person who has been abandoned ; TGHark(1) 99.1.21↗ והיכא דמישתבק מחמת קרובי האב‏ : where (the child) is abandoned by the father’s relatives
(1)
to be forgotten
Sam
Marqe 1.56↗ ליתו משתבק ועלמה עלם‏ : he will not be forgotten while the world is the world
(2)
to be deserted
Syr
(3)
to remain behind
Syr
PagPhil.214.16↗ ܐܠܘ ܐܫܬܒܩܘ ܗܘܘ ܒܚܝ̈ܐ ܕܦܓܪܐ܂ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܡܐܬܝܬܗ ܕܡܫܝܚܐ‏ : had they remained alive in the flesh up to the coming of the Messiah ; P Mt24:2↗ ܕ݁ܠܵܐ ܬܸ݁ܫܬ݁ܒ݂ܸܩ ܗܵܪܟ̇ܵܐ ܟܼ݁ܐܦ݂ ܥܲܠ ܟܼ݁ܐܦ݂‏ : that not a stone next to another shall be left behind here
(4)
to be divorced
Gal, JBAg
SR[1].8:1(24)↗ בעיין למשתבקא דין מן דא‏ : wanting to be divorced this one(m.) from that one(f.) ; HP Sassoon(1) 100.10↗ בעינא דאישתביק מיהאיי גברא‏ : I wish to be divorced from this man
(5)
to be omitted
JBAg
TGAs27 35:29 text not cited
(6)
of an incantation(?)
JBAmb
JBABowl 47.1:1↗ שר<י>ן ומישביקין‏
2
(of an act) to be forgiven
Common Aramaic
TgJ Is27:9↗ בְדָא יִשתַבקוּן חוֹבֵי בֵית יַעְקֹב‏ : the sins of the house of Jacob may be forgiven this way ; AGnEx 154.5↗ ܕܠܐ ܗܟܝܠ ܣܟܠܘܬܐ ܪܒܬܐ ܡܓܢ ܬܫܬܒܩ ܗܘܬ‏ : so that thus the great sin would not have been forgiven for no reason ; ChronEdess 3:7↗ ܘܐܫܬܒܩ ܚܘܒ̈ܬܐ ܕܬܒܥܬܐ‏ : obligatory debts were forgiven
(1)
subj. + l_ : to be forgiven of subj.
JLAtg, PTA, CPA, Syr, Man, LJLA
TgJ Is22:14↗ אִם יִשתְבֵיק חוּבָא הָדֵין לְכוֹן‏ : you will not be forgiven this sin ; FTV Gen49:4↗ ועל דחטיית ישתבק לך‏ : that you sinned shall be forgiven you ; Lag(291) Matt12:31↗ ܟܘܠ ܣܟܠܐ ܘܓܕܦܝܢ ܝܫܬܒ̈ܩܘܢ ܠܟܘܢ ܠܒ̈ܢܝܢܫܐ‏ : you will be forgiven of all sin and blasphemy against men ; SidraDNishmata 31.43:30↗ haubia uskilata utiqlata ušabašata nišbiqlun lrahmia šumẖ : may sins, crimes, stumblings, and mistakes be forgiven those who love his name ; PJ Ex40:6↗ ומשתביק להון חוביהון כאילו מקרבין עלתא על מדבחא‏ : their sins are forgiven them as if they were making a sacrifice on the altar
(2)
impersonal + l_ : to be forgiven
JLAtg, PTA, CPA, Syr, Man, LJLA
TgJ Is6:10↗ דִלמָא ٠٠٠ וִיתוּבוּן וְיִשתְבֵיק לְהוֹן‏ : lest they repent and be forgiven ; TN Gen4:7↗ הלא אן תטיב עובדך בעלמא הדין ישתרי וישתבק לך בעלמ׳ דאתי‏ : If you correct your acts in this world you will be absolved and forgiven in the world to come ; IIMac15:38↗ ܐܢ ܕܝܢ ܒܨܝܪܐܝܬ ܘܡܣܟܢܐ ܬܗܘܐ ܬܫܬܒܩ ܠܝ‏ : but if it is minimal and modest that I be forgiven ; ATS 2.3:1288↗ umištbiqlẖ haṭaiiẖ ; PJ Gen7:4↗ אין יתובון ישתביק להון‏ : if they repent they will be forgiven
(3)
to be permitted, condoned
Gal, Syr
KohR[1]16:1(41)↗ אוף למדמוך לית אנן משתבקין‏ : we are not even permitted to sleep
(4)
to be released of an obligation
OfAPer, OfASam
TAD A6.7 .9↗ ישתבקו עבידתא זילי יעבדו‏ : let them be released to do my work ; SamPap.2..8↗ תש<ת>בקן קדמי חיב אנה‏ : you are released of obligation to me and I am obligated
3
to be released, set loose
Syr, Man
GY 351:1↗ kḏ kabra ˁlauaikun bišuta uaiṭa mištbiq : when evil is too much for you and vexation runs free
(1)
ܢܘܪܐ : to be set and left to burn
Syr
P Ps83:15↗ ܘܐܝܟ ܢܘܪܐ ܕܡܫܬܒܩܐ ܒܥܒܐ‏ : like a fire left to burn in a forest
§▶
occasionally w. spritantized /b/ written with "w" in Mandaic
☛▶
🔍▶
✎▶
See also s.v. mšbqh.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 1504[753]DJPA: 536aDJBA: 1104bJastrow: 1516Drower/Macuch: 447b, 439a, 472bJ. Payne-Smith: 557Levy Ch-W: 2:450Tal Sam: 867bDNWSI: 1104DCPA[Schulthess]: 411[200]DJA: 81bQumran: 230

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Thu, 05 Nov 2026 17:04:03 -0500