←
↺ Use classic display
ḥlp (a/u [tran.] a/a [intran.]) vb. to pass by, pass away; D to change s.t.
GDCDtQ
Gpəˁalto pass by4 senses▶
1
to pass by
BADan, JBA, Man
Dan 4:13,22,29↗ text not cited ; Dan 4:20↗ עַד דִּי־שִׁבְעָה עִדָּנִין יַחְלְפוּן עֲלוֹהִי‏ : until seven periods of time pass for him ; BT AZ 10b(46)↗ יהבית מכסאי חלפית ועברית‏ : I paid my tax, passed by, and crossed over ; GY 6:21↗ lahalpa ašlanda qudamẖ ulamṭanap daurẖ bmita : a corpse does not pass him by nor is his dwelling fouled by a dead body
(1)
to travel beyond
Qumran
GenApoc 19.12↗ ו̇ח̇לפ̇ת שבעת ראשי נהרא דן‏ : I passed beyond the seven headwaters of this river ; GenApoc 19.13↗ ٠٠٠٠] כען חלפנא ארענא ועלנא לארע בני חם‏ : now we left our land behind and entered into the land of the children of Ham
(2)
to pass away, disappear
Man
JohnBook 132:13↗ ˁka ṣipra ḏlapra uašar bṭupra uganpa ulgaṭ alma ḏziqia utbibia hlipiun : there is a bird that did not fly away but held on tight with claw and wing and held on until the winds and storms passed on
(1)
(of time) to pass
Man
Mishqal Ainia 889↗ biuma ḏšapta hamša šaiia hlap mn ˁumama : on Sabbath, 5 hours having passed of daylight
2
to be changed
Syr
TB 4:6.25↗ ܗ݀ܢܘܢ ܕܒܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܢܬܩܪܘܢ ܚܠܦܘ ܘܐܦ ܫܘܡܗܗܘܢ‏ : those who shall be called by the Kingdom have changed, along with the way they are named ; LawsCoun.32.14↗ ܚܠܦܝܢ ܡܪ̈ܥܐ܂ ܒܡ̈ܚܬܝܗܘܢ ܕܠܘܬ ܢܦܫܐ‏ : the intelligences are changed in their descent to the soul
(1)
to act contrary to custom (?)
Syr
Am7 629:17↗ ܘܚ̇ܵܠܹܦ ܗ̄ܘܐ ܘܐܟܹ݁ܠ‏ : he was changing and eating (before the arrival of his guests, who belittled him accordingly)
(2)
as co-verb: to do something as a substitute
Syr
AthSy 3:25 ܗܘ݁ ܕܚܠܦ ܐܬܩܪܒ ܕܒܚܬܐ‏ : that was was sacrificed as a substitute
3
to substitute one thing for another
CPA, Sam, Syr, LJLA
AphDem11.214:5↗ ܚܠܦ ܐܠܗܐ ܩܝܡܐ ܕܐܕܡ‏ ; P Is9:9↗ ܢܦܣܘܩ ܫܩ̈ܡܐ܂ ܘܐܪ̈ܙܐ ܢܚܠܘܦ‏ : let us cut down sycamores and substitute cedars ; P Hab1:11↗ ܬܚܠܦ ܪܘܚܗ‏ ; TgTosPr Hos.2:1↗ איזל חלוף"חליף" הדא איתתא זניתא‏ : go exchange this whoring wife
4
to overlay (??)
JLAtg
TgJ Ez27:24var.↗ חָפַן"חלפן" גִלדִין מְאַסְרִין דִי בוּצָא‏ : †
Dpaˁˁelto exchange b_ for2 senses▶
1
to exchange b_ for
Jud, JLAtg, Gal, Syr, JBA, Man, LJLA
XHev/Se 50.22↗ נחלף לכן ש[טרא דנה כדי חזא‏ : let us exchange this co[ntract as is proper ; TgO Lev27:10↗ לָא יְחַלְפִינֵיה וְלָא יַעְבַר יָתֵיה טָב בְבִיש אוֹ בִיש בְטָב‏ : he must not exchange it nor trade a good one for a bad one nor trade bad for good ; P Je2:11↗ ܥܡܝ ܚܠ݁ܦܘ ܐܝܩܪܗ ܒܕܠܐ ܝܘܬܪܢ‏ ; BT Meg 26b(16)↗ ולחלופינהו שרי‏ : it is permitted to barter them [i.e. bricks of a synagogue] ; GS 102:23 ↗ lanasib šuda ulamhalip pagra bnišimta : he does not take bribes, and does not exchange the body for the soul ; TgRuth4:7↗ בזמן דשקלין וטרן ופרקן ומחלפן חד עם חבריה קדם סהדיי‏ : when they bargain, redeem, and exchange, one with his fellow, before witnesses
(1)
to replace
Syr
P Job10:17↗ ܘܚܝ̈ܠܘܢ ܡܚܠܦ ܐܢܬ ܥܠܝ‏ : you replace forces against me ; MaryJoseph 29↗ ܣܲܓܼܝ ܥܲܣܩܵܐ ܕܸܐܗܲܝܡܢܸܟܝ ܕܠܵܐ ܚܲܠܸܦܬܼܝܢܝ‏ : it is very difficult for me to believe that you have not replaced me
(2)
ܐܲܬܪܵܐ : to emigrate
Syr
JulSok 13(3):15↗ ܚ݁ܠܦܘ ܐܬܪܐ ܕܠܐ ܢܚܠܦܘܢ ܫܪܪܗ ܕܡܪܗܘܢ‏ : they emigrated so as not to exchange their Lord's truth ; JulSok 469(231):10↗ ܡܛܠ ܕܚܠܬܐ ܕܦܘܩܕܢܗ ܚܠܦܘ ܐܬܪܐ݂‏ : out of fear of his order they emigrated
(3)
ܚܲܝܸ̈ܐ : to die
Syr
1Esdras(3 Ezra) 1:29↗ ܟܕ ܐܬܦܢܝ ܠܐܘܪܝܫܠܡ ܚ݁ܠ݂ܦ ܠܚܝ̈ܐ ܕܝܠܗ ܘܐܬܩܒܪ ܒܩܒܪܐ ܐܒܗܝܐ‏ : when he returned to Jerusalem he passed away and was buried in the ancestral tomb
(4)
to change s.t.
PTA, Sam, LJLA
FTV Ex15:18↗ דהוא מחלף ולא מתחלף‏ ; PJ Ex15:18↗ דהוה מעבר ולא עבר דהוא מחליף ולא חליף‏ : who made cross but does not go away, who changed but is not changed
(5)
ܚܲܝܠܵܐ : to recover strength
Syr
P Is40:31↗ ܘܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܣܒܪܝܢ ܒܡܪܝܐ ܢܚܠܦܘܢ ܚܝܠܐ‏ : those who trust in the Lord shall be strong again
2
to alternate something : see s.v. mḥlpn
Syr
Cˀafˁelto exchange3 senses▶
1
to exchange
OfAEg
(1)
to do the reverse, switch
Gal
PTMQ 81.b:10[2]↗ אית דמחלפין זפתין כוזתא ולא זפתין {אגבראע} גרבא‏ : there are those that switch and put pitch on the k' jug and not on the g' jug
2
to sprout forth again
Syr
AphDem7.145:14↗ ܡܚܠܦ ܘܝܗܒ ܦܐܪ̈ܐ‏ ; P Ps90:5↗ ܐܝܟ ܥܘܦܝܐ ܬܚܠܦ‏
(1)
to produce new leaves
Syr
EphFid 12:8.3↗ ܐܚܠܦ ܘܢܦܩ ܡܢܗ݀ ܢܘܪܒܐ‏ ; P Job14:7↗ ܕܐܢ ܡܬܦܣܩ ܬܘܒ ܡܚܠܦ‏
3
to make pass over or by
Qumran, Man
4QEne1.26.19↗ ואחלפ[ת [על]א מן י[מא] שמוקא וארחקת שגיא מנה‏ ; 4QEne1.26.21↗ ואחלפת ליד פרדס קשט[א‏ : I was brought by the garden of truth ; JohnBook 42:3↗ kḏ puma ahlipiun mia : when the "mouth" made the water pass over them ; GS 56:17↗ ahlipẖ ˁlauẖ ḏmuzania ualuat bnia šlama : he took him past the "one of the scales" and to the perfect ones
(1)
to get over, survive (illness)
Man
AM 56:14↗ text not cited
Dtˀeṯpaˁˁal(time) to pass 3 senses▶
1
(time) to pass
Syr
P StDan(1)4:13 ↗ ܫܒܥܐ ܥܕ̈ܢܝܢ ܢܬܚܠܦܘܢ ܥܠܘܗܝ‏ : seven time periods will pass it by
2
to alternate
Gal, Syr
P 1K(1)5:28↗ ܒܝܪܚܐ ܡܬܚܠܦܝܢ‏
(1)
to come upon one after another
Syr
BalJos 115:12↗ ܕܚܕ ܒܬܪ ܚܕ ܐܸܬܚܲܠ݂݁ܦ݂ܘ܃ ܚܠܡ̈ܐ ܪ̈ܗܝܒܲܝ ܒܬܵܘܸܗܬ݂ܵܐ‏ : the dreams, frighteningly disturbing, came one after another
3
to be changed
PTA, Sam, Syr, JBA, Man, LJLA
FTV Ex15:18↗ דהוא מחלף ולא מתחלף‏ : who changes (things) but is not changed ; P Lv13:55↗ ܐܠܐ ܐܬܚܠܦ ܚܙܘܗ݀ ܕܡܚܘܬܐ‏ : if the appearance of the wound has not changed ; CherubThief 13↗ ܓܲܝܵܣܵܐ ܗ̄ܘܼܝܬ ܘܸܐܬܚܲܠܦܸܬ‏ : I was a robber, but I have changed ; TgPs90:5↗ היך עסבא דמיתפרכא יתחלפון‏ : they shall change like vegetation that crumbles ; TgQoh8:1↗ וחציף אפין מתחלפן אורחתיה מטב לביש‏ : the ways of the impudent are changed from good to bad
(1)
to be exchanged
JBA
BT Pes 72b(26)↗ טריד אע׳ג דלא מיחלף מחלף אע׳ג דלא טריד‏ : (if ) he is pre-occupied even though (the sacrificial animal) cannot be interchanged, (or if ) it can be interchanged even though he is not pre-occupied ; BT RH 23a(32)↗ ומיחלף על חד תרין בכספא‏ : (the coral) is exchanged for twice the amount in silver
(1)
+ b_ : to be worth, equivalent to
LJLA
TgLam4:2↗ בני ציון יקירין דהוו מתחלפין בדהב טב‏ : the precious children of Zion who were worth fine gold
(2)
to have a change in ownership
JLAtg
TgJ Is60:5↗ אִתחַלַף לִיך עוֹתַר מַערְבַא נִכסֵי עַמְמַיָא יִתָעְלוּן לְגַוִיך‏ : the riches of the west have been turned over to you, the wealth of nations shall be brought into you
(3)
to be reversed
Gal, LJLA
BR 916:4(1)↗ כולה מתחלף והינין לא מתחלפין‏ : everything is reversed, but they (i.e. the angels Michael and Gabriel) are not reversed ; PJ Gen30:21↗ ואתחלפו עוברייא במעהון‏ : the fetuses were reversed in their womb
Qquadriliteralsee s.v. šḥlp1 sense▶
see s.v. šḥlp
☛Derivatives▶
🔍Concordance▶
Complete KWIC concordance
G (pəˁal)
D (paˁˁel)
C (ˀafˁel)
Dt (ˀeṯpaˁˁal)
Q (quadriliteral)
✎Notes & Bibliography▶
See note s.v. ḥlp vb.#2.
It is quite possible that the C examples from Qumran are not in fact passives: note especially the example from 4QEne1.26.19 where the verb is parallel to a C form of rxq which is also widely used as an active, q.v. The difference from G would then be G="pass beyond" while C="pass by".
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 458[235]DJPA: 203bDJBA: 465aJastrow: 472Drower/Macuch: 149aJ. Payne-Smith: 144Levy Ch-W: 1:261Tal Sam: 273aDNWSI: 376DCPA[Schulthess]: 131[64]BarBahlul: 754:20; 1055:7DJA: 49aQumran: 85
📖 Full Bibliography
© The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon ©
Thu, 12 Nov 2026 21:25:02 -0500