←
swm (a/i) vb. to place, put
GDCGtCt
Gpəˁalto place, put, install [-JBA; see note]4 senses▶
1
to place, put, install [-JBA; see note]
Common Aramaic
Fakh.12↗ wzy | yld | šmy | mnh wyšym | šmh : whoever removes my name from it and puts in his name ; Zak.a9↗ wšmw | kl mlkyˀ ˀl | mṣr | ˁl | ḥzr[k] : all those kings had placed a siege against GN ; AECT.58 1.10↗ wšmw šlm bynyhm : they made peace between them ; Dan 6:18↗ וְשֻׂמַת עַל־פֻּם גֻּבָּא‏ : it was placed on the mouth of the pit ; 11QtgJob 4.4=21:5↗ סימו ידיכון על [٠٠٠‏ : place your hands on [your mouths] ; Marqe 4.523↗ נשים קנומן קעמין ביספר קשטה‏ : let us place ourselves standing (fixedly?) in the school of the True One ; OS MtCur7:25↗ ܡܛܠ ܕܫ̈ܬܐܣܘܗܝ ܥܠ ܫܘܥܐ ܣܝܡܢ ܗܘܝ‏ : because its foundations were placed on a rock ; P Gn2:8↗ ܘܢܨ݂ܒ ܡܪܝܐ ܐܠܗܐ ܦܪܕܝܣܐ ܒܥܕܢ ܡܢ ܩܕܝܡ܂ ܘܣܡ ܬܡܢ ܠܐܕܡ ܕܓܒܠ‏ ; TgProv11:15↗ {מ}<א>ילין דסיימן סיבריהון באלהא‏ : those who place their hope in God
(1)
to install a monument. lay a foundation, etc.
OA, Syr
BarH.1↗ nṣbˀ | zy | šm br[h]dd | br ˁtrṡmk : the stele that RN placed ; JSB4 156:21↗ ܘܡܐ ܕܠܐ ܣܝܡܐ ܒܢܦܫܐ ܚܛܗܐ ܠܐ ܩܐܡ ܒܗ‏ : so when (lust) is not laid upon the soul, sin cannot rise upon it ; Addai.5.3↗ ܘܣܡܗ ܗܘܐ ܂܂܂ ܒܚܕ ܡܢ ܒ̈ܬܐ ܕܐ̈ܦܕܢܐ ܕܝܠܗ‏ : he installed (the statue) in one of his palaces ; Drijvers.23=OS.As36,03↗ ܒܢܝܬ ܥܠܬܐ ܗܕܐ ܘܫܡܬ ܢܨܒܬܐ ܠܡܪܠܗܐ‏ ; P Ze4:9↗ ܐ̈ܝܕܘܗܝ ܕܙܘܪܒܒܠ ܣܡ ܫܬܐ̈ܣܘܗܝ‏ : the hands of PN laid its foundations
(2)
with various prepositions indicating position
Common Aramaic
(3)
to place something within something else
OAZenj, JLAtg, PTA, Syr, JBA
KTMW 2↗ wšmt | wth | bsyd | ˁlmy : I placed it in my funerary installation ; TgO Gen50:26↗ וְסָמוּהִי בַאֲרוֹנָא בְמִצרָיִם‏ : they placed him in a coffin in Egypt ; FTV Gen50:26↗ ובסימו יתיה וסמוהי בגלוסקמה בארעא דמצרים‏ : they embalmed him and put him in a coffin in the land of Egypt †
(4)
to put away for safekeeping
Syr
IAB 435:6 ܘܕܫܪܝܪ ܠܗ ܐܠܗܐ܃ ܡܕܡ ܝܬܝܪ ܠܐ ܣ݁ܐܡ‏ ; Syr-RomLaw.52.19↗ ܘܡܫ̈ܟܢܐ ܠܐ ܣܝܡ ܠܗ‏ : if he has not placed something in trust ; Tobit 6:5↗ ܠܠܒܐ ܘܠܟܒܕܐ ܘܠܡܪܪܬܐ ܣܝܡ ܙܗܝܪܐܝܬ‏ : put the heart, liver, and gall (bladder) away carefully for safekeeping
(1)
to store treasure ( NOT just 'bury')
Syr, Man
OS MtCur6:19↗ ܠܐ ܬܣܝܡܘܢ ܠܟܘܢ ܣܝܡܬܐ ܒܐܪܥܐ ܂܂܂ ܐܠܐ ܣܝܡܘ ܠܟܘܢ ܣܝܡܬܐ ܒܫܡܝܐ‏ : do not bury your treasure in the ground .. but put your treasure rather in the heavens ; AQoh.25↗ ܚܕ ܡܟܢܫ ܥܘܬܪܐ ܘܣܐ݁ܡ‏ : one collects wealth and puts away treasure ; GS 72:3↗ simta dakita ḏsama
2
fig.: to set out, set down something
Common Aramaic
Sf.1.b6↗ w]ˁdy ˀlhn hm zy šmw ˀlhn : they are divine treaty stipulations which the gods have established ; SyrAhiq 4 363:24↗ ܘܣܡ ܫ̈ܥܝ ܫܢܬܐ ܬܡܢܝܐ ܐܠܦܝܢ ܘܫܒܥܡܐܐ ܘܫܬܝܢ ܘܬܠܬ ܫ̈ܥܝܢ‏ : he established that there are 8,763 hours in a year ; SyrAhiq 5 397:15↗ text not cited ; P Gn47:26↗ ܘܣܡܗ ܝܘܣܦ ܢܡܘܣܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܝܘܡܢܐ‏ : Joseph established it as law up to today
(1)
to order, propose, assert
Syr
EbMai10 169a:17 ܣܡܘ ܗܘܘ ܓܝܪ ܫܠܝ̈ܚܐ ܩܕܝ̈ܫܐ ܕܠܡܕܢܚܐ ܗܘܘ ܡܨܠܝܢ‏ : for the holy apostles had determined that they would pray facing east ; ESRef1 72:31 ܢܣܝܡ ܓܝܪ ܕܐܝܬ ܢܗܪܐ ܪܒܐ‏ : for let us propose that there exists a great river ; JulSok 35(14):20↗ ܓܒܪܐ ܕܝܕܥ݁ ܡܢܐ ܣܝܡܐ ܗܘܬ ܠܗ ܕܢܥܒܕ‏ : a man who knew what he was ordered to do ; Ps-Clem Recogs 3.200:31↗ ܠܐ ܓܝܪ ܡܕܡ ܐܡ݂ܪܬ ܘܚܘܝܬ܂ ܐܠܐ ܒܠܚܘܕ ܣܡܬ ܡܣܡ‏ : for you did not say and demonstrate anything, rather you just asserted it
(2)
to fix, set, determine
Syr
(1)
to be determined, come to a conclusion for action
Syr
TB 4:12.1↗ ܣ݂ܡ ܠܗ ܗܘ ܗܢܐ ܡܛܥܝܢܐ ܕܢܐ݁ܡܪ‏ : that seducer was determined to say ; P 1S25:29↗ ܘܒܪܢܫܐ ܣܡ ܠܡܪܕܦܟ ܘܠܡܒܥܐ ܢܦܫܟ‏ : (nor) has anyone determined to pursue you and to seek your life ; JoshStyl 7.1↗ ܣ݁ܡܬ݂ ܗ݀ܝ ܕܗ݂ܘ ܡܚ݂ܢ ܒܐܝ̈ܕܝܗܘܢ‏ : I have determined that He (God) afflicted us at their hands
(2)
to lay out a plot
Syr
AphDem10.196:2↗ ܠܐ ܟܪܡܐ ܣܐܡ܂ ܐܦܠܐ ܓܢ̈ܐ ܢܨ݁ܒ‏ : he doesn't lay out a vineyard or plant a garden
(3)
to draw up, write, arrange a composition
Syr
Spic 36:25 ܣܡܬ ܒܫܬܐ ܡܐܡܪ̈ܝܢ‏ : I arranged it in six discourses ; ChronEdess 6:15↗ ܣܡ ܡܕܪ̈ܫܐ ܘܡܐܡܪ̈ܐ ܥܠ ܡܐܬܝܬܐ ܕܗ̈ܘܢܝܐ‏
3
to give, grant
OfAEg-inf, Syr
TAD D.22.51:4↗ זי ישמן לי שלם ורחמן‏ : so that they (the gods) might grant me peace and favor ; AphDiatess1990 54:8↗ ܣܡ̈ܡܢܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܕܦܘܪܫܢܐ܂ ܕܣܝܡܝܢ ܡ݂ܢ ܐܣܝܐ ܡܗܝܪܐ ܠܟܐܒܐ‏ : those excellent medicines that are prescribed by a skilled doctor for pain ; SyrAhiq 4 291:6↗ ܘܬܛܝܒ ܡܐܟܠܐ ܘܡܫܬܝܐ ܥܠ ܦܬܘܪ̈ܐ ܕܙܢܝ̈ܢ ܙܢܝ̈ܢ܂ ܘܬܣܝܡ ܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܡܫܡܫ̈ܢܐ ܕܡܠܟܐ‏ : she should prepare various kinds of food and drink on a table, and place it before all the king's ministers
(1)
p.p. : available
Syr
ThMAA.8.22↗ ܡܟܬܒܢܘܬܐ ܠܘܬ ܬܚܘܝܬܐ ܕܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܣܝ̈ܡܢ ܠܗ ܠܐܢܫ ܠܡܐܡܪ‏ : a record as a demonstration of those things available for a person to say
(2)
+ܠ_ : to attribute something to
Syr
BHBS.M Min 2.1.1.2 ܐܢܐܟܣܓܘܪܘܣ ܡ݁ܢ ܠܐܐܪ ܣ݁ܐܡ ܥܠܬ ܙܘܥܐ ܕܐܪܥܐ‏ : Anaxagoras, for his part, attributes the movement of ground to air
(3)
to apply, ascribe something to, assert, make as
CPA, Syr
CPA Psalms43:15↗ ܐܣܡܬ ܝܬ݁ܢ ܠܡܬ݁ܠ ܒܡܝܢܝܐ‏ : you made us into a watchword among the gentiles ; ESJ<sup>1</sup> 170:3 ܠܐ ܬܣܝܡ ܠܢ ܐܝܟ ܓܢܒ̈ܐ‏ : do not take us to be like thieves ; AGnEx 11.13↗ ܐܢܫ̈ܝܢ ܪܘܚܐ ܕܩܘܕܫܐ ܣܝܡܝܢ ܠܗ݀‏ : people say that it (the firmament) is the Holy Spirit ; EphFid 52:12.5↗ ܐܘ ܗܒ ܕܙܐܦܢܐ ܗܘ ܐܘ ܣܝܡ ܕܗܕܝܘܛܐ ܗܘ‏ : either grant that he is a falsifier or allow that he is a simpleton
(1)
to assign a name
BADan, Syr
Dan 5:12↗ דִּי־מַלְכָּא שָׂם־שְׁמֵהּ בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר‏ ; AGnEx 31.14↗ ܐܡܬܝ ܕܒܚܕܐ ܫܥܐ ܢܣܝܡ ܐܢܫ ܐ̈ܠܦܐ ܕܫܡ̈ܗܐ‏ : when a person assigns thousands of names in one hour ; Addai.25.14↗ ܪܘܫܥܐ ܗܘ ܡܪܝܪܐ ܗܢܐ݁܂ ܕܢܣܝܡ ܠܗ ܫܡܐ ܡܫܒܚܐ ܕܐܠܗܘܬܐ‏ : this is a bitter evil, for us to ascribe the praiseworthy divine Name to it
4
idioms :
(1)
frequently with body parts:
(1)
ܐܝܼܕܵܐ ܥܲܠ : to ordain (from NT literal usage)
Syr, Man
and passim text not cited ; OS MtSin4:24↗ ܘܥܠ ܚܕ ܚܕ ܡܢܗܘܢ ܐܝܕܗ ܣܐܡ ܗܘܐ‏ : he put his hand on each of them [thus ordaining them] ; Addai.52.10↗ ܠܐ ܐܫܟܚ ܗܘܐ ܕܢܣܝܡ ܐܝܕܐ ܥܠ ܦܠܘܛ ݁݁݁ ܘܩ݁ܒܠ ܗܘܐ ܐܝܕܐ ܕܟܗܢܘܬܐ݂܂ ܡܢ ܣܪܦܝܘܢ ܐܦܣܩܦܐ ܕ ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝ‏ : he was unable to ordain PN, .. and he received priestly ordination from PN bishop of GN ; ATS 1.1:226↗ ˁu tarmida hu rahmia nibia umaṣbuta niṣba"niṣṭba" uˁdẖ lašualia lanasim : that priest should pray and immerse himself but not ordain the novices
(2)
ܒܘܼܪ̈ܟܸܐ, ܒܘܼܪܟܵܐ : to bend the knee, kneel
Syr
OS LkCur22:41↗ ܘܣܡ ܒܘܪ̈ܟܘܗܝ ܘܡܨܠܐ ܗܘܐ‏ : he knelt and was praying ; LSt.88:8↗ ܟܕ ܐܟܘܠ ܦܬܬܐ ܐܩܘܡ ܐܣܝܡ ܒܘܪܟܐ܂ ܘܗܝܕܝܢ ܐܣܒ ܐܚܪܬܐ‏ : when I eat a piece of bread, I get up and kneel, then I take another ; IIIMac2:1↗ ܫܡܥܘܢ ܕܝܢ ܪܒ ܟܗ̈ܢܐ ܣܡ ܒܘܪܟܐ ܩܕܡ ܡܕܒܚܐ ܘܦܫܛ ܐܝܕܘ̈ܗܝ ܘܨܠܝ ܒܚܟܡܬܐ ܘܐܡܪ ܗܟܢܐ‏
(3)
ܒܪܹܫܸܗ : to punish (see also msm bryšˀ)
Syr
Ps-Clem Recogs 2.138:31↗ ܐܝܟܢܐ ܛܒܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܕܣܐܡ ܒܪܫܢ܂ ܥܠ ܕܠܐ ܫܒܩܢ ܠܐܒܘܢ ܘܥܪܩܢ ܠܘܬܗ‏ : how is it good that he punishes us because we did not leave our father and flee to him? ; SyrAhiq 4 369:20↗ ܘܣܐܡ ܒܪܝܫܗܘܢ ܫܘܢܩܐ ܕܒܓܗܢܐ‏ : He (God) punishes them with torture in Hell ; P Acts4:21↗ ܠܵܐ ܓܸ݁ܝܪ ܐܸܫܟ݁ܲܚܘ ܠܗܘ݂ܢ ܥܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ ܕ݁ܲܢܣܼܝܡܘ݂ܢ ܒ݁ܪܼܫܗܘ݂ܢ‏ : for they were unable to find a reason to punish them
(1)
w. the cause of the punishment as d.o.
Syr
JulSok 131(62):26↗ ܐܣܝܡ ܒܪܝܫܗܘܢ ܡܒܣܪܢܘܬܗܘܢ ܕܥܠ ܐܠܗ̈ܐ‏ : I shall exact punishment for their contempt of the gods
(4)
ܐܲܦܸ̈ܐ (or other words for looking : to direct ones face towards a goal, to prepare oneself for
Syr
OS LkCur9:53↗ ܡܛܘܠ ܕܦܪܨܘܦܗ ܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ ܣܝܡ ܗܘܐ ܠܡܐܙܠ‏ : because he was on the way to Jerusalem (from the Gk.!) ; JulSok 155(74):12↗ ܘܗܘ ܣܡ ܐܦܘ̈ܗܝ ܥܠ ܡܫܩܠܢܗ݂‏ : he prepared himself for the journey to it
(1)
alone
Syr
Judith 15:3↗ ܣܡܘ ܠܡܥܪܩ‏ : they were prepared (or had decided?) to flee
(5)
ܢܲܦܫܸܗ : to accept the possibility of death
CPA, Syr
Lag(387) John15:13↗ ܕܪܒܐ ܡܢ ܗܕܐ ܚܒܬܐ ܠܝܬ݁ ܐܢܫ ܐܠܐ ܕܝܣܡ ܢܦܫܗ ܥܠ ܛܒ ܪܚܡܘܝ‏ : for a person has no greater love than this but to lay down his life for his friends ; P Ju12:3↗ ܘܟܕ ܚܙܝܬ ܕܠܝܬ ܡ݁ܢ ܕܦܪܩ ܠܝ܂ ܣܡܬ ܢܦܫܝ ܒܙܘܪ̈ܝ‏ : when I saw there was none to rescue me, I risked death (lit.: I put my life in my bare hands )
(6)
w. bl, lb or other words for "mind" : to pay attention, think about
BADan, Syr
Dan 6:15↗ עַל דָּנִיֵּאל שָׂם בָּל לְשֵׁיזָבוּתֵה‏ : he put his mind to the problem of saving Daniel ; OS LkSin1:66↗ ܗܠܝܢ ܡܬܡܠܠܢ ܗܘܝ ܘܣܝܡܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܒܠܒܗܘܢ‏ : these things were talked about and attended to by them ; P Ruth3:4↗ ܬܣܝܡܝܢ ܠܒܠܟܝ ܒܕܘܟܬܐ ܕܕܡ݁ܟ ܒܗ݀‏ : you should pay attention to the spot where he lies down
(7)
ܩܕܡ ܥܝܢܗ : to imagine
Syr
LSt.36:25↗ ܡܐ ܠܡ ܕܣܝܡܐ ܐܢܐ ܪ̈ܓܠܝ ܥܠ ܣܒܠܬܐ ܕܐܣܩ܂ ܣܝܡܐ ܐܢܐ ܡܘܬܝ ܩܕܡ ܥܝܢ̈ܝ ܩܕܡ ܕܐܣܩܝܗ݀‏ : when I put my feet on a ladder to ascend, I imagine my death before I ascend it
(2)
with ethical dative: for one's own benefit (not always corresponding to a dative in the Greek source!)
Syr
OS MtCur6:20↗ ܐܠܐ ܣܝܡܘ ܠܟܘܢ ܣܝܡܬܐ ܒܫܡܝܐ‏ : rather lay up for yourselves treasure in heaven ; OS LkCur8:16↗ ܐܘ ܣܐܡ ܠܗ ܬܚܝܬ ܥܪܣܐ‏ : ἢ ὑποκάτω κλίνης τίθησιν
(3)
w. or w.o. ܢܡܘܣܐ and the like : to proclaim law
Syr
BhBS.E Econ 2.1.3 ܣܘܠܘܢ ܣ݁ܐܡ ܢܡܘܣܐ ܕܐܬܝܢܝ̈ܐ‏ : Solon the lawgiver of the Athenians ; AGnEx 149.22↗ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܕܝܢ ܦܘܩ̈ܕܢܐ ܕܣܡ ܠܗܘܢ݂‏ ; Syr-RomLaw.23.11 and passim in this text↗ ܘܒܗ ܬܘܒ ܒܢܡܘܣܐ ܕܣܝܡ‏ ; ThMAA.10.25↗ ܘܩܕܡ ܕܝܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܡܘܫܐ܂ ܗ݀ܘ ܕܗܘ ܠܘܩܕܡ ܣܡ‏ : first of all of them was Moses, the one who early on proclaimed law ; LawsCoun.40.11↗ ܣܡܘ ܓܝܪ ܒ̈ܢܝ ܐܢܫܐ ܢܡ̈ܘܣܐ ܒܐܬܪ ܐܬ݂ܪ‏
(1)
ܣܐܡ ܢܡܘܣܐ : law giver (in Christian contexts: Moses)
Syr
BhBS Rhet 1.3.1 ܐܝܟܐ ܓܝܪ ܕܣܐܡ ܢܡܘܣܐ ܫܪܪ ܟܐܢܘܬ ܡܕܡ ܐܘ ܥܘܠܘܬܗ‏ : for where the lawgiver has established the rightness of something or its wrongfulness ; Rechts3 166:21 ܥܠ ܪܒܝܬܐ ܦܩ݂ܕ ܡ݁ܢ ܣ݁ܐܡ ܢܡܘܣܐ ܕܠܓܡܪ݂܂ ܠܐ ܬܬܢܣܒ ܡ݂ܢ ܒܢܝ̈ ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ‏ : concerning interest, the law-giver commanded that it should not be taken at all from members of the faith
(4)
+טעם: to give an order
OfAEg, OfAPer, BAEzra, BADan, LJLA
NsaqPap 14.R.5↗ text not cited ; TAD A6.3 .6↗ זי אנה אשים להם טעם יתעבד להם‏ : whatever order I give pertaining to them must be done to them ; Ezra 4:19↗ וּמִנִּי שִׂים טְעֵם וּבַקַּרוּ וְהַשְׁכַּחוּ‏ : an oder having been given by me, they investigated and discovered ; Ezra 5:9↗ מַן־שָׂם לְכֹם טְעֵם בַּיְתָא דְנָה לְמִבְנְיָה‏ : who ordered you to build this temple? ; Dan 6:27↗ מִן־קְֹדָמַי שִׂים טְעֵם‏ ; TgEsth106:8↗ ישים מלכא טעם וייתון לבוש ארגונא‏
(5)
d.o. + לרחמין : to put someone in a favorable position
OfAEg
TAD A4.7R.2↗ ולרחמן ישימנך קדם דריוהוש מלכא‏ : may he (the god) put you in good stead before King Darius
(6)
ܒܣ̈ܡܐ : to offer incense
Syr
SyrAhiq 4 278:2↗ ܒܗ݀ܝ ܕܛܥܝܬ ܘܐܬܬܟܠܬ ܥܠ ܐܠܗ̈ܐ ܘܣܡܬ ܠܗܘܢ ܒܣ̈ܡܐ‏ : since you erred and relied on gods and burned incense to them
(7)
w. ܒܬܪ : to place resources at someone's disposal
Syr
JulSok 245(119):15↗ ܘܩܪܐ ܝܘܠܝܢܘܣ ܠܚܠܗ݂܂ ܘܣܡ ܒܬܪܗ ܓܙܝܗ݀ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܕܐܢܬܝܟܝܐ‏ : Julian summoned his uncle and placed the treasury of the church of GN at his disposal
(8)
idioms with the p.p.: (see also s.v. sym adj.)
(1)
+ pers. pron. (also w. ܠ) : to be intent on, determined to
Syr
LawsCoun.4.14↗ ܡܢܐ ܣܝܡ ܒܪܥܝܢܟ‏ ; JulSok 39(16):14↗ ܐܦ ܚܢܢ ܒܚܠܦܝܗ݀ ܕܗܕܐ ܣܝܡܝܢ ܚܢܢ ܕܢܦܪܥܟ ܛܒ̈ܬܐ ܣܓܝܐ̈ܬܐ‏ : we too in return for this, are intent on rewarding you with many beneficences ; Dalyatha 52:1↗ ܐܢ ܒܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܡܘܟܟܗ ܕܡܪܟ ܣܝ݂ܡܐ ܠܟ ܠܡܪܕܐ‏ : if you are determined to travel the way of your Lord's humility [=JDalBeulay 230:20]
(2)
ܗܘ ܕܣܝܡ, ܡܕܡ ܕܣܝܡ : the subject, the given
Syr
ArisCat 98:10 ܦܫܝܛܐܝܬ ܕܝܢ ܠܐ ܡ̈ܬܦܣܩܢܐ܂ ܘܐܝܠܝN ܕܒܡܢܝܢܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܐܝܟ ܕܕܡܕܡ ܕܣܝܡ ܡܲܢ ܠܐ ܡܬܐܡܪܝܢ‏ : for things that are simply not divisible and those that are “in" [translation error reading Greek ἐν for “one” ἔν] number are not said to be of a subject ; BhBS.E Eth 1.2.1 ܠܗܢܐ ܝܘܠܦܢܐ ܐܝܬܝܩܝܐ ܢܦܫܐ ܐܢܫܝܬܐ ܐܝܬܝܗ݀ ܗܘ݁ ܕܣܝܡ‏ : that which is the subject of this ethical science is the human soul ; ProbaAnal 142:12↗ ܐܡܬܝ ܕܗ݀ܘ ܡܨܥܝܐ ܡܬܩܛܪܓ ܥܠ ܚܕ ܘܣܝܡ ܬܚܝܬ ܗ݀ܘ ܐܚܪܢܐ‏ : (in a syllogism) when the middle term is predicated to one term and subject of the other term
(1)
stated, proposed, first part of a syllogism
Syr
ProbaAnal 142:3↗ ܟܠ ܦܪܘܛܣܝܣ ܕܐܝܬ ܬܪܝܢ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ݀ ܂ ܗ݀ܘ ܕܣܝܡ ܘܗ݀ ܘ ܕܡܬܩܛܪܓ‏ : every two-part proposition has what is given and what is predicated
(2)
substratum
Syr
(3)
determined, fixed
Syr
OS LkSin22:22↗ ܘܒܪܗ ܕܐܢܫܐ ܐܙܠ ܐܝܟ ܕܣܝܡ ܗܘܐ‏ : the son of Man goes as has been determined
(4)
located
Qumran, Syr
GenApoc 22.10↗ חלבון די שימא על שמאל דרמשק‏ : GN, located north of Damascus ; LawsCoun.40.22↗ ܒܠܬܝ ܟܕ ܣܝܡܐ ܥܡ ܐܪܣ‏ : when Venus is in conjunction with Mars
(9)
ܥܲܠ : to attack
Syr
PallM 40:16 ܣܡ ܥܠܝ ܣܛܢܐ ܒܡܚܘ̈ܬܐ ܩܫ̈ܝܬܐ‏ : Satan attacked me with vicious blows ; P 1K(1)20:12↗ ܘܐܡܪ ܠܥܒ̈ܕܘܗܝ܂ ܣܝܡܘ ܡܣܡ ܥܠ ܩܪܝܬܐ‏ : he said to his servants, "attack the city" [=~MT וַיֹּאמֶר אֶל־עֲבָדָיו שִׂימוּ וַיָּשִׂימוּ עַל־הָעִיר]
(_10)
to serve food, set a table
Syr
LSt.96:14↗ ܟܕ ܣ݁ܐܡ ܐܢܐ ܠܦܬܘܪܐ‏ : when I set up the table for a meal
Dpaˁˁelto insert textual diacritics (denominative of syāmā; cf. sym vb. #2)3 senses▶
1
to insert textual diacritics (denominative of syāmā; cf. sym vb. #2)
Syr
TimPep 277:23 ܟܕ ܒܙܢܐ ܕܐܝܟ ܗܟܢ ܥ݁ܒܕ ܠܛܘܢܘܣ ܘܡܣܝܡ‏ : while he treats the syllable in a similar manner and so indicates it
(1)
to provide with accents
Syr
BhGr 245:18 ܠܡܣܝܡܘ ܟܬ̈ܒܝ ܩܘܕܫܐ‏ : to add accents to Scripture
(2)
to provide with plural points (i.e., syāmā“)
Syr
CatBerl2 451b:28 ܣܝܡܬ ܘܢܩܙܬ‏ : I added the plural points and vowels
2
to mark text as important, emphasize
Syr
JBhSy 5:11 ܟܠܗܘܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܟܵܬ݁ܒܝܢ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܗܠܝܢ ܕܦ݂ܲܫܩ݂ܸܬ݂ ܘܣܲܝܡܸܬ݂‏ : all these who write those texts that I have explained in detail ; JSAbb 28:v46 ܐܘ݁ ܐܝܟܢܐ ܡ݂ܨܐ ܕܢܣ݁ܝܡ ܠܥܒ̈ܝܕܬܗ‏ : or how is it possible to make his deeds distinct (note the parallel in the previous line)
(1)
to insert one text within another
Syr
Clrep 307:13 ܒܡܐܡܪ̈ܐ ܝܗ܊ ܣܲܝܸܡ ܦܘ݂ܫܩܗ݀‏ : he placed its interpretation into the 15 homilies (i.e., Chrysostom's Epistulam ad Philippenses)
3
see s.v. sym #2 vb. and syym vb.
JBA
Cˀafˁelreplacing the peal, always = to physically place something1 sense▶
1
replacing the peal, always = to physically place something
CPA, LJLA
CPA Lev8:24↗ ܘܐܣܝܡ ܡܘܫܐ ܡܢ ܐܕܡܐ ܥܠ ܛܪ̈ܦܝܐ ^ܕܐܕܢܝ̈^ܗܘܢ ܕܝܡܝܢ‏ : Moses placed some of the blood on their right earlobes ; Lag(361) John2:6↗ ܗܘܐܝ ܕܝ ܬ݁ܡܢ ܫ̈ܝܬ݁ ܐܓ̈ܢܝܢ ܕܟܝܦ ܂܂܂ ܡܣܡܢ‏ : there were six stone bowls placed there ; Lag(379) John11:38↗ ܗܘܬ݁ ܕܝ ܡܥܪܐ ܘܟܝܦ ܡܣܡܐ ܥܠܝܗ‏ : for there was a cave with a stone placed on it ; TgEsth2 1:2(87)↗ ומשים ית ריגלא על דרגא קדמיתא‏ : he places the foot on the first step †
(1)
to place hands, ordain
Man
ATS 2.3:1236↗ umasimin ˁdaihun lšualania ; ATS 2.6:2493↗ hibil ušitil uanuš iaminun asim ˁlẖ
Gtˀeṯpəˁelto be placed4 senses▶
1
to be placed
Common Aramaic
Sf.2.c3↗ lhldt spryˀ [ˀ]ln mn bty ˀlhyˀ ˀn zy y[\t/r/]šmn : to remove these inscriptions from these documents where they are placed (or: constructed [see meaning 1.3]? or inscribed?) † ; TAD C1.1(Ahiqar) .175↗ ברא זי יתאלף ויתסר ויתשים ארחא ברגלו[הי‏ : a son who is instructed and stocks placed on his legs ; PAT1613:1.3↗ text not cited : † ; TgJ Hag2:15↗ עַד לָא יִתְסָם נִדבָך עַל נִדבָך‏ : before layer is placed upon layer ; JohEphB 329:19 ܚ݁ܘܝܘ ܗܦ݂ܟܬܐ ܘܐܐܣ݂ܝܡܘܢ ܒܬܪܗܘܢ ܪ̈ܗܘܡܝܐ ܘܛ̈ܝܝܐ‏ : they signaled retreat, but the Romans and Arabs had been positioned behind them ; TgEsth104:3↗ לבוש שק וקיטמא הות מיתשם עילוי צדיקיא סגיאין‏ : sackcloth and ashes were placed on many righteous ones
(1)
to be placed within something
Syr
(1)
to be buried. laid to rest
Syr
ES2 98:11 ܓܪ̈ܡܘܗܝ ܡܢ ܬܡܢ ܐܐܠܟܣܢܕܪܝܐ ܐܬܬܘܒܠܘ݂ ܗ݂ܘܘ܂ ܘܒܐܝܩܪܐ ܘܒܛܫܒܘܚܬܐ ܐܬܬܣܝ݂ܡܘ‏ : his bones were carried to Alexandria from there and laid to rest with honor and praising
2
to be given, ordained, proclaimed
JLAtg, Syr
TgJ Is26:1↗ פוּרקָן יִתְסָם עַל שוּרַהָא וְרַחְמִין‏ : let salvation and mercy be proclaimed upon its walls ; AGnEx 32.27↗ ܐܢܬܬܐ ܟܢܝܗ݀ ܗܘܐ܂ ܫܡܐ ܕܠܟܠܗ ܛܘܗܡܗ݀ ܡܬܬܣܝܡ ܗܘܐ‏ : he called her 'woman', the name that would be given to all her lineage
(1)
+טעם : an order to be issued
OfAEg, OfAPer, BAEzra
TAD A4.5V.21↗ ٠٠٠על] מראן טב יתשים [טעם ٠٠٠‏ ; TAD A6.7 .8↗ כען הן עליך כות טב מנך יתשם טעם‏ : now if it is likewise pleasing to you, let an order be issued from you ; Ezra 4:21↗ לָא תִתְבְּנֵא עַד־מִנִּי טַעְמָא יִתְּשָׂם‏ : it must not be built until I give the order
(2)
to be constituted, established
CPA, Syr
CPA IITim1:11↗ ܕܐ݁ܬܣܝܡܝܬ ܠܗ ܟܪܘܙ‏ : that I have been made a preacher of it
(1)
to be enacted, ruled
Syr
AGnEx 29.13↗ ܘܥܠ ܢܡܘܣܐ ܕܐܬܬܣܝܡ ܠܗ‏ ; StatNis.59.2↗ ܒܦܘܩܕܢܟ ܢܬܬܣܝܡܘܢ ܢܡܘ̈ܣܐ‏
(3)
to be supposed, presumed, assumed
Syr
SpSol4 59:15 ܬܬܣ݂ܝܡ ܕܝܢ ܕܡ݁ܥܡܕ ܐܢܐ ܠܟ‏ : so let it be supposed that I baptize you
(1)
ܥܠ : to be attributed to, ascribed to
Syr
IshExod 14:26↗ ܥܠ ܗܕܐ ܡܬܬܣ̈ܝܡܢ ܥܠ ܐܠܗܐ ܥ̈ܠܠܬܗ ܕܣܘܥܪܢܐ‏ : because of this the causes of an event are ascribed to God
(4)
(person) to be ordained (see also s.v. mttsymn n.m.)
Syr
(1)
(hand) to be placed in ordination
ChronEdess 2:27↗ ܘܐܬܬܣܝܡ ܗܘܐ ܗܢܐ ܦܘܩܕܢܐ‏
3
to be put into a condition
BADan, Syr
Dan 2:6↗ הַדָּמִין תִּתְעַבְדוּן וּבָתֵּיכוֹן נְוָלִי יִתְּשָׂמוּן‏ : you shall be made into separate limbs (i.e. dismembered) and your homes turned into garbage heaps ; Ps-Clem Recogs 3.182:23↗ ܕܠܐ ܢܫܟܚ ܡܕܡ ܐܚܪܝܢ ܕܢܥܒܕ܂ ܠܒܪ ܡܢ ܗ݀ܘ ܡܕܡ ܕܐܬܣܝܡ ܠܗ‏ : that it should not be able to do anything other than that which was assigned to it
(1)
to be maintained in a condition
Syr
4
with various prepositions:
Syr
(1)
ܥܲܠ : to be determined on something or against something
Syr
P 2S10:9↗ ܘܚܙܐ ܝܘܐܒ ܕܐܬܬܣܝܡ ܥܠܘܗܝ ܩܪܒܐ‏ : Joab saw that the battle was going badly against him ; P 2S11:23↗ ܘܐܬܬܣܝܡܢ ܥܠܝܗܘܢ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܬܪܥܐ ܕܩܪܝܬܐ‏ : we stayed with them all the way to the city gate
(2)
ܒܪܹܝܫܸܗ : to be punished
Syr
AphDem23.501:4↗ ܕܐܬܣܝܡ ܒܪܫܐ ܕܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܝܡܘ ܘܕܓܠܘ‏
(3)
(with or without ܐܝܕܐ) : to be ordained
Syr
SpSol4 228:17 ܡܢ ܐܦܝܣ̈ܩܘܦܐ ܕܒܐܦܪܟܝܐ ܢܬܬܣܝܡ‏ : he should be ordained by bishops of the prefecture ; ThMarg 1:248:2 text not cited
Ctˀettafˁal(hand) to be placed, i.e., in blessing or ordination1 sense▶
(hand) to be placed, i.e., in blessing or ordination
Man
ATS 1.1:579↗ uˁdai dilia mitasima ˁlẖ : with my hands placed on him ; DMI 3:2↗ ˁda ḏnhura ˁlauaihun ˁtasimat
§▶
OA, OfA, BA, etc. שׂום ; D: sayyem. The af'el for peal is normative in CPA, rare in LJLA. The simple T-stems might at least theoretically be divided between OA, OfA, Syr, CPA Gt ˀettəsīm and JLA, LJLA, CPA ˀettəsām, but semantically they are the same and have here been treated as Gt, except in the case of Mandaic, which evidences a clear /a/ vowel after the /t/. BA G passive perfect: שׂוּם
☛▶
🔍▶
✎▶
See especially also noun phrases in msm.
For JBA and Mandaic see s.v. swm #2 "to put on shoes"; however, it is almost certain that #1 and #2 are not separate lemmas: It seems that in the standard Jewish Aramaic dialects (and Samaritan) this root (in the peal) has become limited to the idea of placing something inside of something else that envelops it, e.g., a shoe or a coffin, having been replaced in its basic usage by the pael of שוי. Note also that in LJLA the root occurs only in the Syriac-based targum Proverbs and in calques from the Biblical Aramaic idiom שים טעם, although in JLA, Sam. and LJLA, there are also rare examples as Hebraizing variants to the standard שוי.
Note that in Mandaic, too, the meaning of the peal is highly specialized to a) ordaining; b) putting away simta 'treasure', and c) putting on clothing, while the basic meaning has moved to the afel, while for other usages the verb tnḥ is used.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 1001[469]DJPA: 370bDJBA: 793Jastrow: 965Drower/Macuch: 321b, 327aPayne-Smith: 2556J. Payne-Smith: 366Levy Ch-W: 2:150DNWSI: 1126DCPA[Schulthess]: 282[135]Qumran: 248

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Fri, 06 Nov 2026 05:21:02 -0500