←
ngd (i/u) vb. to draw towards oneself
GDCGtDt
Gpəˁalto draw something towards oneself; to stretch something3 senses▶
1
to draw something towards oneself; to stretch something
Common Aramaic
TgO Gen37:28↗ וֻנגַדוּ וְאַסִיקוּ יָת יוֹסֵף‏ : they pulled up Joseph ; CCPA I:156:16 [=Jer. 14:6] ܘܢܐܓ̈ܐܕܘ ܪ݁ܘܚܐ ܗܝܟ ܕܪ̈ܐܩܘܢܝܢ ̈‏ : they dragged the wind like dragons [=LXX!] ; SyrAhiq 4 358:15↗ ܗܝܕܝܢ ܢܓܕܢ ܐܢܘܢ ܘܢܚܬܘ‏ : then we pulled them (the eagles) toward us and they descended ; P Gn37:28↗ ܘܢܓ݂ܕܘ ܐܣܩܘܗܝ ܠܝܘܣܦ ܡܢ ܓܘܒܐ‏ : they pulled Joseph up from the pit ; MG 22:73.2.18↗ ונגדי מגלגלא דעיניה שתין גראבי משחא‏ : they drew out from its [i.e. the fish's] eyeball sixty jugs of oil ; GY 12:16 ↗ ngud rqiha uṣarar bgauẖ kukbia : stretch out the firmament and form within it stars
(1)
to guide, to lead
Gal, CPA, Sam, Syr, LJLA
EchRB[1]44(8)↗ עובדא הוה בחד שייר דהוה נגיד לתלת מאה גמלי טעינין פלפלין‏ : there was a case of a certain caravan that was driving 300 camels loaded with peppers ; Lag(381) John12:32↗ ܟܘܠܐ ܐܢܐ ܢܓܕ ܠܘܬ݁ܝ‏ ; SamTgJ Gen24:27↗ אנה באורעה נגדני יהוה בית אחוה דרבי‏ : the Lord guided me on the way to my master's brother's house ; ActsThom 227:18↗ ܠܗܠܝܢ ܗܘ ܬܫ̈ܢܝܩܐ ܢܓ݁ܕܐ ܚܪܬܟܘܢ‏ : it is to these tortures that your future leads ; JS_Elijah 2:287↗ ܢܲܓܕܸܗ ܒܡܲܕܒܪܵܐ ܐܲܪܒܥܼܝܢ ܝܲܘ̈ܡܼܝܢ ܠܽܘܩܒܲܠ ܛܽܘܪܸܗ‏ : He guided him for forty days in the desert toward His mountain ; TgEsth2 6:12(0)↗ גולייר דהוה נגיד סוסיא‏ : a squire who used to lead the horses
(1)
to pull something behind one
Syr
IshExod 28:20↗ ܐܪܒܥܐ ܪ̈ܟܫܐ ܢܓܕܝܢ ܠܗ݀‏ : four war-horses pull it
(2)
fig. : to persuade, convince
JLAtg, Syr
TgJ Hos7:5↗ נְגַד לִידֵיה סִיעַת שַקָרִין‏ : he drew a band of liars to his side ; BhBS Rhet 5.1.1 ܡ̈ܠܐ ܢܓܕ̈ܬ ܕܝ݁ܢܐ‏ : the words that convince a judge ; Ps-Clem Recogs 3.198:5↗ ܕܗܝ ܓܝܪ ܗܕܐ ܢܓܕܐ ܠܢ ܕܠܐ ܢܗܝܡܢ ܕܣܓܝ̈ܐܐ ܛܒ̈ܐ ܐܬܐܠܨܘ‏ : for this convinces us that we should not believe that many good people have been under duress
(3)
imperative : move quickly!
Gal
PRK193.4↗ גוד חמי לי‏ : go and show me!
(2)
to take away, remove
OfAEast, Sam, Syr, JBA
ADAB A.1:R:2↗ wngdw bhlkˀ zy lˀ ḥybn : they extracted (some of?) a tax that they are not obligated for ; IsNin80 561:3↗ ܢܓܲܕ݂ ܢܲܦܫܹܗ ܓܡܝ݂ܪܵܐܝ݂ܬ݂ ܡ݂ܢ ܟܠܹܗ ܚܘ݂ܠܛܵܢܵܐ ܕܥܲܡ ܒܢܲܝ̈ܢܵܫܵܐ‏ : he totally removed himself from any mingling with people
(3)
with various objects:
(1)
to stretch (a bow)
JLAtg, Syr, LJLA
TgJ Jer46:9↗ נָגְדִין וֻמָחַן בְקַשתָא‏ ; P Is66:19↗ ܕܢܓ݁ܕܝܢ ܒܩܫܬܐ‏ ; PJ Gen21:16↗ כשיעור מיגד בקשתא‏ : like the measure of a bow stretch
(2)
to pitch (tents, camp)
JLAtg
TgJ 2Sam16:22↗ וֻנגַדוּ לְאַבשָלוֹם קָנוֹפִין/קִטפִין/‏ ; TgJ Jer6:3↗ וֻמַשרְיָתְהוֹן יִגְדוּן‏ : they will pitch their camps
(3)
to work (a saw)
JLAtg
TgJ Is10:15↗ אִם יִתרָרַב מַסָרָא עַל דְנָגיֵד בֵיה‏ : or does the saw lord it over the one who uses it?
(4)
ܪܘܚ : to breathe in or out
CPA
CPA Jer14:6↗ ܘܢܐܓ̈ܐܕܘ ܪܘܚܐ ܗܝܟ ܕܪ̈ܐܩܘܢܝܢ‏ : they breathed like serpents
(1)
to sigh
JBA, Man
BT Meg 16a(20)↗ בהדי דקא שקיל ליה נגיד ואיתנח‏ : while he was cutting his hair he sighed and groaned
(5)
to catch (fish)
Qumran
11QtgJob 35.3=40:25↗ התגד‏ : [=MT: תִּמְשֹׁךְ]
(6)
to work metals ( see also s.v. ngyd adj.)
PTA
TN Ex37:17↗ דהב דכי נגידא‏ : pure worked gold
(4)
fig. with a non-concrete object
JLAtg, LJLA
TgO Gen39:21↗ וֻנגַד לֵיה חִסדָא‏ ; PJ Gen39:21↗ ונגד עליה חיסדא‏ : he extended grace to him
2
(intransitive): to be drawn out, extend
Common Aramaic
P 1S14:5↗ ܫܢܐ ܚܕܐ ܢܓܕܐ ܡܢ ܓܪܒܝܐ ܠܘܩܒܠ ܡܟܡܣ‏ : one crag extended from the north opposite GN ; JS_Elijah 2:90↗ ܘܢܸܓܕܲܬ ܒܵܬܪܵܗ݀ ܠܵܐܕܵܡ ܓܲܒܪܵܗ݀‏ : (sin) extended from her to her husband, Adam ; HP Sassoon(1) 117.16↗ ונגדא ארמלותא דגברה‏ : the widowhood for her husband is prolonged
(1)
to flow
BADan, JLAtg, Gal, CPA, JBA, LJLA
Dan 7:10↗ נְהַר דִּי־נוּר נָגֵד וְנָפֵק מִן־קְֹדָמוֹהִי‏ : a river of fire flowing out from before him † ; TgJ Is8:6↗ כְמֵי שִילוֹחָא דְנָגְדִין בִניָח‏ : like the waters of Siloam that flow quietly ; TgJ Is45:8↗ וַעְנָנַיָא יִגְדוּן טוּבָא‏ : the clouds shall flow with goodness (i.e. with rain) ; TgJ Jer9:17↗ וְגִלגְלֵי עֵינַנָא יִגְדוּן מַיָא‏ : the circles of our eyes shall flow with water ; PTPea 20.a:57[2]↗ קצת חד חרוב ונגד מלא יד{ו}<י>י דבש‏ : I cut off a single carob and my whole hand flowed with honey ; BT BM 74a(25)↗ מכמר ועיולי לבי דפא ומי̇ד̇ש ומינגד‏ : piling up (olives), bringing (them) into the oil press, treading underfoot, and flowing (of the oil to the pit) ; PJ Deut33:22↗ נחליא דנגדין מן מתנן‏ : the wadis that flow from Bashan
(1)
to move along at length
Qumran, JLAtg, LJLA
GenApoc 22.4↗ נגדו מלכיא ארחא חלתא רבתא‏ : the kings went along the route of the Great Valley (i.e. the Rift Valley) ; TgJ Is30:29↗ כְמָא דְנָגְדִין בְתוֹדְתָא וֻבַאְבוּבָא לְמֵיעַל בְטוּר קֻדשָא‏ : as they move along with thanksgiving and with pipe to enter into the holy mount ; CTLevi ar b A.9↗ ונגדו שבעתון מן לותי‏ : the seven of them moved away from me
(2)
to move every which way (?)
Syr
P Je8:6↗ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܡܗ݀ܠܟܝܢ ܒܨܒܝܢܗܘܢ܃ ܐܝܟ ܣܘܣܝܐ ܕܢ݁ܓܕ ܒܩܪܒܐ‏ : all of them go wherever they wish, like a horse running around in battle
(3)
to flow with
JLAtg, LJLA
TgJ Joel4:18↗ וְרָמָתָא יִגְדָן"ידבון" טוּבָא‏ : the hills shall flow with good things ; PJ Deut10:7↗ ארע נגדא נחלין דמיין‏ : a land flowing with watery streams
(2)
to be stretched out
JLAtg
TgJ Jer6:4↗ אֲרֵי נְגַדוּ טוּלֵי רַמשָא‏ : the evening shadows have lengthened
(1)
(gram.) to be in disjunctive position
Gal
MMDam Ex.36:9 קדמיה נגד ותנינה אזל‏ : the first (example of the same word) is disjunctive, while the second is conjunctive
(3)
to last long
Man, LJLA
TgEsth2sup01.1-01:1↗ והות מלכותיה נגדא עד דנחת יעקב למצרים‏ : his kingdom lasted until Jacob went down to Egypt
3
to flog, punish
LJLA
PJ Ex14:7↗ למינגד ולמירדוף בבהילו‏
(1)
to cause hemorrhaging (??)
JPAEpig
Rot 114 תיגוד ٠٠٠ ותטמטם פוחדיה דפב׳׳ף‏ : you will cause hemorrhaging ,,, and stop up NN's penile dorsal vein
Dpaˁˁelto flog4 senses▶
1
to flog
CPA, Syr, JBAmb, JBA, LJLA
P Ps77:3↗ ܘܐܝܕܗ ܒܠܠܝܐ ܢܓܕܬܢܝ‏ ; P Mt20:19↗ ܘܲܢܢܲܓ݁ܕ݂ܘ݂ܢܵܝܗܼܝ‏ ; BT Ḥul 62b(14)↗ במערבא מנגדין עליהו‏ : in Eretz Israel they lash (a person) for these things ; TgPs28:3↗ לא תנגידנני עם רשיעיא‏ ; TgSong7:5↗ מאן דאתחייב בדינא לנגדא‏ : one who was found guilty in court to be scourged
(1)
to afflict, inflict
CPA, Syr
CPA Lam1:12↗ ܗܝܟ ܡܚܘܫܝ ܗܕ‍[‍ܢ ܕܥܒ‍]‍ܕ ܠܝ ܘܡܢܓ‍[‍ܕ‍]‍ ܗܘ ܡܪܐ‏ : like this pain that the Lord did to me and inflicted ; JulSok 257(125):2↗ ܟܕ ܛܒ ܚܫ̈ܐ ܕܡܘܬܐ ܡܢܓܕܝܢ ܗܘܘ ܠܗ݂‏ : when the pains of death were greatly afflicting him
2
to snatch away
JBA
BT Git 68b(18)↗ נגיד מיכליה מיניה‏ : snatch his food away
3
to draw, stretch
Syr, JBA
BT Bek 44b(10)↗ נגדו ליה גלימא‏ : they stretched a garment for him (to afford him privacy)
(1)
to lead, guide
Sam
(2)
to pull, drag (a heavy thing a long way)
Syr
Act14congr2 108:16 ܠܐ ܐܬܡܨܝܘ ܕܬܘܒ ܢܢܓܕܘܢܗ݀‏ : (the oxen) were not able to pull it any more
4
to tarry (?)
LJLA
TgQoh2:3↗ אלילית בליבבי לנגדא בבית משתה חמרא‏ : in my mind I tested tarrying in the wine-drinking house (or: to draw out wine in the tavern?)
Cˀafˁelto attract, to pull away5 senses▶
1
to attract, to pull away
Gal, Sam, Syr
DuvB2 1:9 ܐܝܢܐ ܡ݂ܢ ܠܥܠ ܡ݁ܓܕ܂ ܘܐܝܢܐ ܡ݂ܢ ܠܬܚܬ ܡ݁ܓܕ‏ : which one attracts from above and which attracts from below
2
to lead
Sam
Marqe 4.522↗ הנגד יתן בריחותך‏ : lead us with your favor
3
to stretch out, lengthen
JBAg, LJLA
HP Sassoon(1) 86.22↗ דלמא ארבעה זוזי קמאיי אגודי אגיד ליה גלימא בגויהו‏ : ; TgPs55:4↗ ייגדון"יעדון" עלי שקרא‏ : they produce extended (var. impose) lies about me
4
to shed
Sam
SamTgJ Num23:24↗ ואדם קטילים יגד‏ : (until) he sheds the blood of the slaughtered
5
to come
Sam
Gtˀeṯpəˁelto be drawn, to be attracted to7 senses▶
1
to be drawn, to be attracted to
PTA, CPA, Sam, Syr, Man, LJLA
TN Gen5:24↗ אתנגד במימר מן קדם ייי‏ : he had been drawn away by God's memra ; EphFid 41:3.2↗ ܒܐܝܢܘ ܗܘ ܟܝ ܙܘܥܐ ܦܪܙܠܐ ܕܡܢ ܢܦܫܗ ܡܬܢܓܕ ܠܘܬ ܟܐܦܐ‏ : by what movement is iron on its own attracted toward a stone? ; PJ Gen45:19↗ סיבו לכון מארעא דמצרים סדני דמינגדן בתורתי‏ : take from the land of Egypt my wheeled vehicles drawn by my cows
2
to be led
CPA, Sam, Syr
Marqe 1.784↗ קדמאה הוא לירחי שתה מנה הנגדי כל שניה דעלמה‏ : it is the first month of the year from which all the years of eternity were led (or: flowed?) ; IVMac14:6↗ ܐܟܙܢܐ ܓܝܪ ܕܐܝ̈ܕܝܐ ܘܪ̈ܓܠܐ ܫܘܝܐܝܬ ܒܝܕ ܙܘ̈ܥܐ ܕܢܦܫܐ ܡ̈ܬܢܓܕܢ݂‏ : for just as the hands and feet are harmoniously led by the soul's movements
(1)
w. ܒܵܬܲܪ : to choose to follow
Syr
Bhchr 123:24↗ ܘܐܬܢܓܕܬ̤ ܒܬܪܗ ܟܠܗ݀ ܛܝܝܘܬܐ‏ : the entire Arab world followed after him
(2)
to be subject to, compelled by (a law)
Syr
Syr-RomLaw.8.27↗ ܐܢܕܝܢ ܒܨܝܪ ܡ݂ܢ ܚ̈ܡܫܐ ܒܢ̈ܝܢ ܐܝܬ ܠܗ܃ ܡܬܢܓܕ ܡ݂ܢ ܢܡܘܣܐ ܕܢܗܘܐ ܐܦܝܛܪܘܦܐ ܐܘ݁ ܩܘܪܛܘܪ ܠܝܬܡ̈ܐ‏ : but if he has less than five children he may be compelled by the law to become guardian or administrator for orphans
(3)
(chariot) to be driven
Syr
Narsai1 138:11 ܡܢܵܬܹܗ ܕܝܲܡܵܐ ܡܸܬ݂ܢܲܓ݁ܕܵܐ ܗܼܘ݂ܵܬ݂ ܒܥܲܪ̈ܩܹܐ ܕܪܸܡܙܵܐ‏ : that part of the sea was being driven by the reins of the divine signal ; LawsCoun.10.10↗ ܘܠܐ ܗ݂ܝ ܡܪܟܒܬܐ ܐܢ ܫܦܝܪ ܡܬܢܓܕܐ ܘܡܬ݁ܕܒܪܐ‏ : nor does the chariot (know) if it is being driven and directed well
(4)
to go, to walk
Sam
Marqe 4.357↗ שביל קשטה בה אתנגד אברהם ובה הלך יצחק‏ : the true path on which Abraham went and Isaac walked
3
to become spread out, stretched out
JLAtg, Man, LJLA
TgJ Jud20:37↗ וְכָמְנָא אוֹחִי וְאִתנְגִידוּ עַל גִבעְתָא‏ : the ambush hurriedly spread out over The Hill ; TgIIChron 25:13↗ ואתנגידו בקרוי יהודה‏ : they spread throughout the cities of Judah
(1)
of metal
LJLA
PJ Num25:8↗ נס תשיעאי דאתנגיד פרזלא כשיעור תרויהון ולא אשתליפו מיניה‏ : ninth miracle: the iron was stretched by the amount of the two of them but they did not slip off of it
4
to grow weak, to faint, especially before death
JLAtg, PTA, Sam, JBA, LJLA
TgO Gen25:8↗ text not cited ; TN Gen25:8↗ וסאף"ואתנגד" ומית אברהם בשיבו‏ : Abraham came to an end (var.: grew weak) and died at at an old age ; BT BB 10b(23)↗ יהושע בן לוי חלש אינגיד ואית^פח^‏ : PN grew weak, fainted, and recovered ; PJ Gen25:8↗ text not cited
(1)
euph.: to die
LJLA
TgJob3:11↗ למא לא מן רחמא אימות מן כריסא נפקית ואתנגיד‏ ; TgJob13:19↗ כדון אשתוק ואתנגיד‏
(2)
to sigh
JBA
BT BM 66a(12)↗ אינגיד ואתנח‏
5
to be joined
Syr
ET 35:21 text not cited
(1)
to be coagulated
Syr
Am2 348:12↗ ܐܬܢܓܕܬ ܒܕܡܗ ܐܝܟ ܕܒܡܣܬܐ‏ : through his blood it coagulated as if by rennet
6
to outlast(?), overwhelm by sorcery(?)
Sam
Marqe 4.935↗ ואתנגדת לבלעם וקטלת יתה‏ : you outlasted?? Balaam and killed him
7
to flow : see s.v. ngr
PTA
Dtˀeṯpaˁˁalto be beaten2 senses▶
1
to be beaten
Qumran, Syr, JBA
GenApoc 20.25↗ כול מכתשיא ונגדיא אלן די מתכתש ומתנגד מרי מלכא‏ ; ESSerm2 7:v363 ܐܬܢܓܕܬܘܢ ܕܐܣܒܠܬܘܢ‏
(1)
to be punished
Syr
EphFid 28:13.4↗ ܕܥܘܙܝܐ ܠܦܝܪܡܐ ܩܪܒ ܘܐܬܢܓܕ‏ : for Uzziah approached the incense pan and was punished
2
to be driven
Syr
JSB2 1:5↗ ܒܫܬܩܐ ܘܡܠܬܐ ܐܝܟ ܕܒܥܪ̈ܩܐ ܡܸܬ݂ܢܲܓܲܕ݂ ܐܢܐ‏ : I am driven about by silence and by speech as if with reins
§▶
LJLA the forms at PsJon Dt30:6, 30 and TgPs 55:4 (and especially the infinitive אוגדות ) reflect the existence of a secondary root אגד as seen by Levy 1:7.
☛▶
🔍▶
✎▶
The translation "chased" of metals in P-S and DJPA is dubious. better "worked".
For 'to outlast by sorcery' for the Gt, cf. ngyd: 'necromancy'.
The translation "pant" in CCPA I for the Jer. 14:6 passage is simply incorrect. It is a literal translation of the Greek, which may or may not be understood metaphorically.
See also s.v. ngr.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 886[413]DJPA: 340aDJBA: 727bJastrow: 871Drower/Macuch: 288bJ. Payne-Smith: 326fLevy Ch-W: 2:88Tal Sam: 498DNWSI: 713DCPA[Schulthess]: 255[119]Qumran: 151

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Thu, 05 Nov 2026 09:46:30 -0500