←
by, bytˀ (bay, baytā) n.m./f. house; structure; place
1
house: a building for dwelling
Common Aramaic
TAD B2.1 R.3↗ יהבת לי תרע ביתא זילך למבנה אגר 1 תמה‏ : you have granted me your house-gate to build a single wall there ; Dan 6:11↗ עַל לְבַיְתֵהּ וְכַוִּין פְּתִיחָן לֵהּ בְּעִלִּיתֵהּ נֶגֶד יְרוּשְׁלֶם‏ : he went into his house with windows opened for him in the clearstory facing Jerusalem ; TgO Gen19:2↗ זוּרוּ כְעַן לְבֵית עַבדְכוֹן וְבִיתוּ‏ : please come over to your servant's house and spend the night
(1)
household
Common Aramaic
P Acts10:2↗ ܘܕ݂ܵܚܸܠ ܗܼܘܵܐ ܡܸܢ ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ܂ ܗܘ݂ ܘܒ݂ܲܝܬܸ݁ܗ ܟܽܠܸܗ‏ : he and his whole household were god-fearing ; BT AZ 12b(15)↗ איפשר דחיי פורתא אדמפקיד אביתיה‏ : it is possible that he will live a bit until he gives a last testament concerning his household
(1)
family
Common Aramaic
BarRak.8.3↗ ˀlhy | byt | ˀby : my father's family-gods ; PAT591:1.3↗ lh wlbnwhy wlbny byth : for him, his children, and his family's children ; 4QTob b4.1.17=06:11↗ מן בית אבונא הוא‏ : he was of our parental family ; CPA Luke1:27↗ ܓܒܪ ܕܫܝܡܗ ܝܘܣܝܦ ܡܢ ܒܝܬܗ ܕܕܘܝܕ‏ ; P Gn7:1↗ ܥܘܠ ܐܢܬ ܘܟܠܗ ܒܝܬܟ ܠܩܒܘܬܐ‏ : you and your whole family enter the ark ; PJ Gen50:20↗ לקיימא עם סגי מדבית יעקב‏ : to raise a numerous people from the family of Jacob
(1)
in construct with (or implying) a proper noun: dynastic house or the like
Common Aramaic
Sf.1.b11↗ b]yt gš wˁmh ; TDanStel 9↗ ml]k | bytdwd : King of the Davidic dynasty ; Bhchr 56:3↗ ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܐܚܪܵܝܬܵܐ ܕܦܪ̈ܣܝܹܐ ܕܡܬܩܪܝܐ ܕܒܝܬ ܣܵܐܣܵܐܢ‏ : the last Persian empire called the Sassanian ; JulSok 55(24):10↗ ܒܝܘܡ̈ܝ ܕܒܝܬ ܕܘܩܠܛܝܢܣ ܘܡܟܣܝܡܝܢܣ ܡ̈ܠܟܐ ܡܫܡ̈ܗܐ‏ : in the days of the dynasty of Diocletian and Maximus, the famous kings ; BT Šab 55a(12)↗ דבי ריש גלותא‏ : those of the exilarchate ; BT BB 3b(38)↗ הורודוס עבדא דבית חשמונאי‏ : Herod was a slave of the House of the Hasmoneans
(2)
dby, dbytˀ : q.v.
(2)
(with genitive name of a teacher) school, teachings (see also s.v. by rb)
Gal, Syr, JBA
PTPea 19.b:25[2]↗ מה מקיימין בית הלל טעמהון דבית שמי‏ : how does the school of Hillel maintain the opinion of the school of Shammai? ; P Jn14:2↗ ܣܲܓܼ݁ܝܐܝܼܢ̈ ܐܸܢܘ݂ܢ ܐܲܘܵܢܸܐ̈ ܒܸ݁ܝܬ݂ ܐܵܒ݂ܝ‏ : many are the rooms in my Father's house ; BT Suk 3a(16)↗ בית שמאי היא ולא תיזוז מינה‏ : (the decision) is according to school of Shammai and do not budge from it ; BT San 36a(15)↗ אנא הואי במניאנא דבי רבי‏ : I was present at the count in the 'school' of PN
(3)
with divinity : temple
Common Aramaic
Zak.b9↗ [b]nyt bty | ˀlhn ; TAD A2.1 R.1↗ שלם בית בתאל ובית מלכת שמין‏ : greetings to the temple of Bethel and the temple of the Queen of Heaven ; Ezra 5:14↗ מָאנַיָּא דִי־בֵית־אֱלָהָא‏ : the fixtures of God's temple ; PAT323:1.4↗ lbt bl : for the temple of Bel ; H 49:.3↗ byt bˁšmyn ; TgJ 1Sam5:2↗ וַאְעִילוּ יָתֵיה לְבֵית דָגוֹן‏ : they brought it into the temple of Dagon ; CPA 3R(1kg)14:26↗ ܟܘܠܗܝܢ ܣܝܡ̈ܐܘܐܬܐ ܕܒܝܬܗ ܕܡܪܐ‏ : all the treasures of the Lord's temple ; P 1S5:2↗ ܘܐܝܬܝܘܗ݀ ܠܒܝܬ ܕܓܘܢ܂‏
(4)
with royalty : palace
Common Aramaic
BarRak.1.19↗ phˀ | byt | štwˀ | lhm | whˀ | byt | kyṣˀ : it was both winter and summer palace for them ; 4Q550 7:4↗ בדרת בית מלך‏ ; TgJ 2Sam19:12↗ וֻפִתגָם כָל יִשׂרָאֵל אְתָא לְוָת מַלכָא לְבֵיתֵיה‏ ; CPA 3R(1kg)14:26↗ ܣܝܡ̈ܐܘܐܬܐ ܕܒܝܬܗ ܕܡܠܟܐ‏ : the treasures of the palace ; BT AZ 50a(23)↗ בי ינאי מלכא חרוב‏ : the palace of king Jannaeus was destroyed ; PJ Gen12:15↗ ואידברת אינתתא לבית מלכותא דפרעה‏
(5)
for animals:
Common Aramaic
(1)
stable
Syr
PO 9:608:10 text not cited
(2)
cell (of a beehive)
Syr
Bee 4:20 text not cited
2
a structure
(1)
structure, building or part thereof where something occurs
QumNJ 554:1:3:20↗ ועל שמאל מעלה דן אחזיני בית דרג סח[ר‏ : on the left of this entryway he showed me a spiral staircase ; P Esth7:8↗ ܒ݂ܝܬ ܡܫܬܝܐ ܕܚܡܪܐ‏ : wine-drinking structure ; ActsThom 320:3↗ ܚܒܫܢܝ ܬܚܝܬ ܗ݀ܘ ܛܪܩܠܝܢܗ ܒܒܝܬܐ ܚܕ ܚܫܘܟܐ‏ : he imprisoned me beneath that triclinium of his in a single dark room ; BT Bek 8b(13)↗ עיביד לי ספינתא דאית בה שיתין בתי‏ : make me a boat that has sixty rooms in it ; PJ Ex7:28↗ ויעלון בביתך ובקיטון בי דמכך‏ : they will come into your palace and in your bedroom
(2)
strophe; section of a literary work
Syr
EOE 1.240:17 ܘܒܬ̈ܐ ܡܘܣܦܝܢܢ ܒܡܙܡܘܪ̈ܐ ܕܨܦܪܐ‏
3
place, area, home
Syr, JBA
P Ps142:5↗ ܐܒܕ ܡܢܝ ܒܝܬ ܡܥܪܩܐ‏ ; ISSW 8:1a↗ ܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܕܸܝܢ ܕܲܨܠܽܘܬܵܐ ܢܲܦܫܵܐ ܗܼܝ‏ : the home of prayer is the soul
(1)
land
Syr
(1)
homeland, territory
Candida 173:2 ܕܐܫܬܒܝܬ ܡܢ ܒܝܬ ܪ̈ܗܘܡܝܐ܃ ܘܐܙܠܬ ܠܒܝܬ ܦܪ̈ܣܝܐ‏
(1)
see collocations w. byt + pl. gentilic, e.g., byt ˀ wrhyˀ , byt ywnyˀ , byt ˁbryˀ
(2)
before proper nouns as a geographical or political term
Common Aramaic
AssOstr.14↗ byt ˀwkn ̇̇̇ byt ˁdn
(2)
place or area where something occurs or is found
Common Aramaic
PAT465:1.1↗ qbrˀ dnh bt ˁlmˀ dy ˁtˁqb br gdy : this tomb is the eternal resting place of PN ; PAT518:1.2↗ mˁrtˀ dh dy bt qbwrˀ : this cavern of the burial area ; PJ Gen27:3↗ בית גירך‏ : your quiver
(1)
receptacle for something
Syr, JBA
IA2 278:v800ff ܫܡܝܛܝܢ ܣܝ̈ܦܐ ܡܢ ܚ̈ܠܐ܂ ܘܩܫ̈ܬܬܐ ܡܢ ܒ̈ܬܝܗܝܢ‏ : the swords are drawn from the sheaths, the bows from their receptacles
(1)
(med.) seat, socket
Syr
glherm 161 text not cited
(2)
a utensil used by or for X
(3)
storage area for things
Syr, JBA
BT Ber 26a(8)↗ מר הא אית ליה ביתא אחרינא‏ : does the master have another room here?
(1)
compartment of a phylactery
JBA
BT Ber 6a(52)↗ בשאר בתי מאי כתי׳ בהו‏ : what is written in the other compartments (of God's) phylactery)?
(4)
area of the body characterized by something
Common Aramaic
LSt.64:1↗ ܕܦܠܓܡܐ ܡ݁ܢ ܒܝܬܗ ܒܐܣܛܘܡܟܐ‏ : the location of phlegm is in the abdomen
(5)
area of such and such a size
Common Aramaic
(1)
byt X : field sufficient for X amount of seed
Brussels 64.2↗ rhnˀ ˀrˁ byt šlš : pledge for a field of three (seah) ; PTSot 20.b:60[2]↗ חמשין על חמשין בית סאה מאת על מאת בית ארבעת סאין‏ : fifty by fifty is a field for a sea, a hundred by a hundred for 4 seahs ; GY 392:8↗ bit hda ardba ḏbazira ḏsaria : a single field of an ardab of barley seed
(1)
something of such a capacity
JLAtg, Syr
TgJ 1K18:32↗ מְזִקְתָא כְבֵית סָתַן זַרעָא‏ ; P 1K(1)18:32↗ ܥܒܕ ܚܐܪܝܬܐ ܐܝܟ ܒܝܬ ܣܐܬܝܢ ܙܪܥܐ ܘܐܟܪܟܗ ܠܡܕܒܚܐ‏ : he made a ditch 2 seahs of seed in capacity and made it go around the altar
(6)
with verbal noun: place where something occurs
Common Aramaic
TgO Gen1:10↗ וֻקרָא יוי לְיַבַשתָא אַרעָא וֻלבֵית כְנֵישַת מַיָא קְרָא יַמְמֵי‏ ; P Gn30:38↗ ܒܝܬ ܡܫܬܝܐ ܂ ܟܪ ܕܐܬܝܢ ܥܢܐ ܠܡܫܬܐ‏ : the water trough where the flocks come to drink
(7)
the physical universe
Man
JohnBook 3:5↗ man hua naṭar baita alma lkimṣat almia : who was the guardian of the world until the ultimate consummation? ; JohnBook 46:7↗ arba ziqia ḏbaita : the four winds of the world
4
(astron.) house, astrological sign
Syr, Man, LJLA
LawsCoun.44.7↗ ܥܡ ܟܘܢ ܒܒܝܬܐ ܕܟܘܢ ܒܡ̈ܢܘܬܗ݀‏ : with Saturn in Saturn's house in her [Venus'] portions ; AM 146:19↗ man ḏbit daula hua mikṣar bšumbulta : one whose house was Aquarius who becomes ill in Virgo ; TgEsth103:7↗ בליען אינון ביתא הא כנוני ימא‏ : they are swallowed up! the house (of Adar, i.e. Pisces) ! like fishes of the sea
§▶
const. bēṯ > bē in many compounds; pl. bāttīn, etc.; Mand: baitia; JLA abs. בָא in the expression בָא עַל בָא (TgIs 5:8). In Jewish texts the absolute is often בית under Hebrew influence and was almost certainly read as in Hebrew.
☛▶
with verbal noun: place where something occurs
🔍▶
✎▶
This word is used in both major meanings "structure/house" and "place, location" in many compounds. Here, in contrast with many previous writers, we have separated out as independent lemmas only those meanings wherein a distinct meaning has developed, especially those verified by attestation in several dialects. Thus examples like by twryn and by tbn, "cattle barn" and "straw shed", are not considered to be lemmas unless there is a distinct difference in meaning between the "compound" using the construct state on the first word and the same expression using the d_ genitive on the second word.
In all meanings, but especially as "place", a prefixed b_ "in" is often to be understood but not written, resulting in the development of byt prep. "between"; for which see the note there.
For a more detailed discussion of its use as a section of text, see STS p. 47.
Page refs. in other dictionaries: LS2: 144[69]DJPA: 92aDJBA: 208aJastrow: 168Drower/Macuch: 47b, 51b, 63b,Payne-Smith: 478J. Payne-Smith: 43Levy Ch-W: 1:96Tal Sam: 87DNWSI: 156DCPA[Schulthess]: 37[26a]DJA: 36aQumran: 33

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Wed, 04 Nov 2026 17:27:45 -0500